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[HTML] Scheimpflug Photography-Based Evaluation of Structural Iris Changes Across Keratoconus Stages in Comparison with Healthy Eyes
O Özalp, OB Gür, SM İçer, HNN Yılmaz, E Atalay - Ophthalmology and Therapy, 2026
Introduction Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal disorder caused by impaired
biomechanical integrity, leading to geometric deformation. Although corneal
changes are well characterized, iris structural alterations across KC stages remain …
biomechanical integrity, leading to geometric deformation. Although corneal
changes are well characterized, iris structural alterations across KC stages remain …
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STUDY OF INTRA OCULAR LENS POWER CALCULATIONS IN EGYPTIAN PATIENTS WITH KERATOCONUS
HA Helaly, IH Shereen, MS El-Mansy, E Elbanna - ALEXMED ePosters, 2026
Keratoconus is a progressive, non-inflammatory corneal disorder characterized by
thinning and conical protrusion of the cornea, leading to irregular astigmatism,
myopia, and visual impairment. It commonly presents in adolescence or early …
thinning and conical protrusion of the cornea, leading to irregular astigmatism,
myopia, and visual impairment. It commonly presents in adolescence or early …
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Evaluating corneal topographic patterns in keratoconic eyes and their association with keratoconus changes over time
H Hashemi, A Jamali, P Nabovati, A Hashemi… - International journal of …, 2026
Aim To evaluate various corneal topographic patterns in keratoconus (KCN) and
their association with disease progression. Methods A retrospective cohort study
was conducted on 636 eyes of 335 KCN patients (396 males, 240 females) with a …
their association with disease progression. Methods A retrospective cohort study
was conducted on 636 eyes of 335 KCN patients (396 males, 240 females) with a …
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[HTML] Epithelial-Island Corneal Crosslinking in the Treatment of Progressive Keratoconus Patients with Thin Corneas: 2-Year Visual, Refractive, Keratometric, Tomographic …
TÇ Büyüktepe, B Kılıç, ÖÖ Uçakhan - Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
… We retrospectively reviewed the charts of consecutive patients with advanced
keratoconus who had a thinnest corneal thickness (TCT) of< 380 µm as measured
by anterior segment optic coherence tomography and underwent epithelial-island …
keratoconus who had a thinnest corneal thickness (TCT) of< 380 µm as measured
by anterior segment optic coherence tomography and underwent epithelial-island …
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[HTML] Effect of Accelerated Epi-Off Crosslinking on Optical Quality, Corneal Aberrations, and Epithelial Wavefront During Adolescence
BDY Erdal, B Kazancı - Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
… The study included adolescent patients who were referred to the cornea and
contact lens unit for keratoconus, were diagnosed with progressive keratoconus
during follow-up, and were subsequently treated with A-CXL. A total of 109 eyes …
contact lens unit for keratoconus, were diagnosed with progressive keratoconus
during follow-up, and were subsequently treated with A-CXL. A total of 109 eyes …
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Advancements in Artificial Intelligence: Transforming the Diagnosis and Treatment of Corneal Diseases and Refractive Surgery
A Espaillat - … Ophthalmology: The Integration of Artificial Intelligence …, 2026
… This review discusses AI applications in corneal imaging techniques, especially
in detecting keratoconus (KC) [6], diagnosing infectious keratitis (IK) [7], and
predicting corneal graft complications [8]. AI can detect subtle changes in corneal …
in detecting keratoconus (KC) [6], diagnosing infectious keratitis (IK) [7], and
predicting corneal graft complications [8]. AI can detect subtle changes in corneal …
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[PDF] Implantation of Small-Aperture IOL in Patients with Cataract and Preexisting Corneal Comorbidities
C Samarawickrama, M Khan - Clinical Ophthalmology, 2026
… Figure 1 shows the corneal tomography (Pentacam) image of a typical
keratoconus case from our study subjects. … Furthermore, we did not assess IOL
power calculators specifically designed for keratoconus, as the patients included …
keratoconus case from our study subjects. … Furthermore, we did not assess IOL
power calculators specifically designed for keratoconus, as the patients included …
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[PDF] A label-free machine learning atlas of corneal aberration clusters from dual-surface Zernike coefficients: a retrospective cross-sectional study of 3,533 eyes
O Karakulak, E Ayıntap, İ Çıkmazkara, AA Demirtaş… - 2026
… in keratoconus, coma and trefoil on the posterior surface progress in the opposite
direction to the anterior surface and partially counterbalance the anterior aberrations
[18]. In the detection of subclinical keratoconus… The severity of keratoconus has …
direction to the anterior surface and partially counterbalance the anterior aberrations
[18]. In the detection of subclinical keratoconus… The severity of keratoconus has …
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Advancing Teleophthalmology and Remote Monitoring Using Artificial Intelligence
A Espaillat - … Ophthalmology: The Integration of Artificial Intelligence …, 2026
… Moreover, AI is advancing for corneal conditions like keratitis and keratoconus, as
well as for planning cataract surgeries and … , anterior segment OCT, or slit lamp
photos to distinguish conditions like keratoconus, pterygium, and keratitis [26] …
well as for planning cataract surgeries and … , anterior segment OCT, or slit lamp
photos to distinguish conditions like keratoconus, pterygium, and keratitis [26] …
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[PDF] Reliability of a Scheimpflug-based tomographer compared with a Placido-based topographer and specular microscopy in healthy eyes
CL Budib, CHP Oliani, G de Oliveira Ferreira… - Arq Bras Oftalmol, 2026
… Corneal imaging is critical for the early detection of ectatic disorders such as
keratoconus, for screening candidates for refractive surgery, and for calculating
intraocular lens (IOL) power in cataract surgery(2,3). Inaccurate measurements may …
keratoconus, for screening candidates for refractive surgery, and for calculating
intraocular lens (IOL) power in cataract surgery(2,3). Inaccurate measurements may …
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[HTML] Using artificial intelligence to detect keratoconus progression based on age and anterior segment optical coherence tomography images
T Miyai, K Kamiya, Y Ayatsuka, Y Kato, H Ishii, N Shoji… - Asia-Pacific Journal of …, 2026
In this study, we aimed to establish and evaluate an index to define keratoconus
progression based on map images obtained from anterior segment optical
coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and age through deep learning. AS-OCT images …
progression based on map images obtained from anterior segment optical
coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and age through deep learning. AS-OCT images …
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[HTML] Comparison of choroidal biomarkers and scleral thickness in keratoconus in relation to corneal cross-linking
N Valsecchi, G Folgaria, S Febbraro, A Lorenzi… - Graefe's Archive for Clinical …, 2026
… Our findings align with previous reports linking keratoconus to PPE. Furthermore,
we observed the exclusive presence of PPE-like … into account, as faster
progression of keratoconus itself could be associated with other ocular or systemic …
we observed the exclusive presence of PPE-like … into account, as faster
progression of keratoconus itself could be associated with other ocular or systemic …
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[HTML] The potential of scleral lenses
S Schwarz
… Keratoconus and other ectatic disorders In keratoconus, the progressive bulging
and thinning of the cornea leads to pronounced irregularity of the anterior surface.
The irregularity of the anterior surface of the cornea is significant because it has a …
and thinning of the cornea leads to pronounced irregularity of the anterior surface.
The irregularity of the anterior surface of the cornea is significant because it has a …
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Single-shot, depth-encoded multiplexed OCT for multi-spot tracking of induced transient corneal dynamics
K Karnowski, J Milkiewicz, O CETINKAYA, A Pachacz… - Biomedical Optics Express, 2026
… Current non-contact methods for assessing corneal biomechanics often rely on
global metrics or single-meridian scanning, potentially missing the focal and
asymmetric stiffness changes characteristic in corneal pathologies like keratoconus …
global metrics or single-meridian scanning, potentially missing the focal and
asymmetric stiffness changes characteristic in corneal pathologies like keratoconus …
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Disheveled associated activator of morphogenesis 2 variants may produce alport-like changes: a case report
D Yang, H Chen, Z Fan, J Fan - Molecular Cytogenetics, 2026
… Specifically, in addition to IgA nephropathy, this patient also had diffuse thinning
of GBM, reduced segmental expression of type IV collagen α3 in the glomerulus,
and binocular keratoconus which is consistent with features of Alport syndrome …
of GBM, reduced segmental expression of type IV collagen α3 in the glomerulus,
and binocular keratoconus which is consistent with features of Alport syndrome …
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[PDF] An integrated model of care for vision impairment within the public health system of Limpopo province, South Africa
MM LESHABANE, N RAMPERSAD, KP MASHIGE - 2026
… Contact lenses and keratoconus care were available at one tertiary-level hospital.
Medical interventions were co-managed by ophthalmic nurses, optometrists, and
ophthalmologists. Cataract surgery services were offered at three hospitals, while …
Medical interventions were co-managed by ophthalmic nurses, optometrists, and
ophthalmologists. Cataract surgery services were offered at three hospitals, while …
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Revolutionizing Ophthalmology: The Integration of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms
A Espaillat
… Detection of subclinical Keratoconus using a novel combined tomographic and
biomechanical model based on an automated decision tree… Evaluating the
performance of various machine learning algorithms to detect subclinical …
biomechanical model based on an automated decision tree… Evaluating the
performance of various machine learning algorithms to detect subclinical …
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Systematic Meta-Analysis of Impact of Glaucoma, Keratoconus, and Clinical Factors on High-Risk Corneal Transplantation Outcomes
L Li, F Luo, W Wang - Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE), 2026
… Among the various high-risk indications, glaucoma and keratoconus were
selected as the … high-risk ocular conditions such as glaucoma and keratoconus,
on the outcomes of high-risk … impact of glaucoma, keratoconus, and related …
selected as the … high-risk ocular conditions such as glaucoma and keratoconus,
on the outcomes of high-risk … impact of glaucoma, keratoconus, and related …
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[PDF] Second Harmonic Generation Imaging of an Animal Model of Keratoconus
H Chuo - 2026
Keratoconus is a type of degenerative ectasia that causes a local reduction of
corneal stiffness due to the degradation of collagen fibers. This leads to abnormal
corneal shape and function. Using second harmonic imaging and order coefficient …
corneal stiffness due to the degradation of collagen fibers. This leads to abnormal
corneal shape and function. Using second harmonic imaging and order coefficient …
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[PDF] Use of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography to Manage Acute Corneal Hydrops in Keratoconus
MK Man OD - Optometric Clinical Practice, 2026
… Background: Acute corneal hydrops, a rare complication of keratoconus and other
corneal … 40-year-old African American female with keratoconus. AS-OCT images
supported treatment with … Conclusion: Acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus can …
corneal … 40-year-old African American female with keratoconus. AS-OCT images
supported treatment with … Conclusion: Acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus can …
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[HTML] A Datasheet for the INSIGHT Moorfields Cornea Anterior Segment Dataset (CADMUS)
S Balal, Z Alsafi, M Leucci, PA Keane, D Gore… - Ophthalmology Science, 2026
… a keratoconus population to map device-specific precision limits for the MS-39
throughout the range of disease severity and to examine the effect of averaging
repeated measures from a single timepoint. Precise mapping of precision limits for …
throughout the range of disease severity and to examine the effect of averaging
repeated measures from a single timepoint. Precise mapping of precision limits for …
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[HTML] Demographic and clinical presentations of keratoconus in Trinidad and Tobago: a retrospective study
NE Ezinne, MA Kwarteng, S Tagoh, E Bissoon… - BMC ophthalmology, 2026
… Keratoconus is a progressive corneal disorder characterised by thinning and
protrusion of the … This study evaluated the demographic and clinical
characteristics of keratoconus among … This study provides the first comprehensive …
protrusion of the … This study evaluated the demographic and clinical
characteristics of keratoconus among … This study provides the first comprehensive …
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[HTML] Postoperative Pain and Functional Limitations After Corneal Cross-Linking for Keratoconus: A Patient-Reported Outcome Study
R Jaruseviciene, G Kirkickaite, S Galgauskas - Life, 2026
Background: Keratoconus is a progressive corneal condition that leads to visual
impairment and is primarily managed with corneal cross-… (CXL) for keratoconus.
Methods: A structured survey was conducted among 31 patients who underwent …
impairment and is primarily managed with corneal cross-… (CXL) for keratoconus.
Methods: A structured survey was conducted among 31 patients who underwent …
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[HTML] The role of corneal epithelial thickness parameters with different degrees of keratoconus in the diagnosis of keratoconus
T Wang, Q Cao - 2026
… Assuming a power of 80%, a significance level of 0.05, and based on preliminary
data indicating a mean difference in epithelial thickness parameters between
keratoconus and control groups, we estimated that a sample size of 64 eyes with …
data indicating a mean difference in epithelial thickness parameters between
keratoconus and control groups, we estimated that a sample size of 64 eyes with …
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[PDF] Advancements in contact lens technology: A comprehensive review of current materials and future prospects
W van der Berg, S de Vries, E Bakker
… Rigid gas permeable lenses comprised 9.2% of fittings, predominantly utilized for
keratoconus management, orthokeratology applications, and complex corneal
irregularities where soft lens options provide inadequate visual outcomes. Hybrid …
keratoconus management, orthokeratology applications, and complex corneal
irregularities where soft lens options provide inadequate visual outcomes. Hybrid …
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SOFTRING-The New CAIRS. To Join the Best of Two Worlds
FBD Silva, FS León, JSB Soares, LI Villavicencio… - Highlights of Ophthalmology, 2026
The case report describes the first “SoftRing” implant. It consists of a segment made
of hydrophilic acrylic, which becomes soft with the natural moisture of the corneal
stroma. The implant treatment was performed on a woman with keratoconus and a …
of hydrophilic acrylic, which becomes soft with the natural moisture of the corneal
stroma. The implant treatment was performed on a woman with keratoconus and a …
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[PDF] Corneal Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus: Experience of the Ophthalmology Department at CHU Hassan II in Fez (ABOUT 65 CASES)
M Mouajab, H Moutei, F Chraibi, M Abdellaoui… - Sch J Med Case Rep, 2026
Keratoconus is an idiopathic corneal dystrophy characterized by ectasia and
progressive non-inflammatory thinning of the cornea. It affects young individuals and
has considerable progressive potential, thus constituting a source of visual …
progressive non-inflammatory thinning of the cornea. It affects young individuals and
has considerable progressive potential, thus constituting a source of visual …
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[HTML] LncRNA DANCR Regulates PARP1-Mediated Oxidative Stress Response in Corneas by Encoding a Novel Micropeptide miPEPDR
X Ma, J Hao, HB Hilal, Z Cheng, P Feng, J Song… - … Ophthalmology & Visual …, 2026
… In this study, we uncovered that differentiating antagonistic non-protein-coding
RNA (DANCR) is downregulated in keratoconus and under … Based on corneal
tissues from healthy controls and patients with keratoconus (n = 4 per group), we …
RNA (DANCR) is downregulated in keratoconus and under … Based on corneal
tissues from healthy controls and patients with keratoconus (n = 4 per group), we …
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[PDF] Ayurvedic Kriyakalpa Treatment in Keratoconus-A Case Report
MJ Ashwini, A Kumar, U Nataraj - Int. J. Sci. R. Tech, 2026
… Here in, we report a case of keratoconus which was effectively managed with
Ayurvedic kriyakalpa treatment. … Environmental factors such as Eye rubbing is
being considered an important factor and accounts for the association of …
Ayurvedic kriyakalpa treatment. … Environmental factors such as Eye rubbing is
being considered an important factor and accounts for the association of …
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[PDF] Effect of Corneal Collagen Cross Linkage on Intra-Ocular Pressure Measurement in Iraqi Patients with Keratoconus
AM Mansour, AM Rasheed, FT Ahmed - Al-Iraqia Medical College Journal, 2026
… a sample of Iraqi patients with keratoconus. This prospective study included 28
patients with bilateral keratoconus (56 eyes) who underwent … In conclusion, in
patients with keratoconus, CXL with riboflavin and UVA irradiation resulted in a …
patients with bilateral keratoconus (56 eyes) who underwent … In conclusion, in
patients with keratoconus, CXL with riboflavin and UVA irradiation resulted in a …
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[HTML] Outcomes of high-fluence (7.2 J/cm2) accelerated collagen cross-linking in advanced keratoconus
A Gürpınar, E Can - Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
PURPOSE: The purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of accelerated collagen
cross-linking (CXL) in treating eyes with advanced keratoconus. MATERIALS AND
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 109 eyes from 96 patients with …
cross-linking (CXL) in treating eyes with advanced keratoconus. MATERIALS AND
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 109 eyes from 96 patients with …
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[HTML] The Comparison of Anterior Segment Parameters in School-Aged Children with Laser-Treated Retinopathy of Prematurity, Untreated Preterm Birth, and Full-Term …
BH Unlu, CA Utine, T Ozturk, CD Engin, A Yaman… - Children, 2026
… commonly used in the tomographic assessment of keratoconus; however, their
interpretation in … However, these findings should not be interpreted as evidence of
keratoconus or a definite … , particularly in former preterm children, keratoconus-based …
interpretation in … However, these findings should not be interpreted as evidence of
keratoconus or a definite … , particularly in former preterm children, keratoconus-based …
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Noncommunicable Eye Diseases Trend Related to Artificial Intelligence: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis.
MM Daud, W Zaki, LA Ramlan, FM Ali, JK Chaw - International Journal of Advanced …, 2026
In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed numerous sectors,
including healthcare, and ophthalmology is no exception. The field has seen
remarkable progress in using AI to detect, diagnose, and manage …
including healthcare, and ophthalmology is no exception. The field has seen
remarkable progress in using AI to detect, diagnose, and manage …
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[HTML] Principles of a Non-orthogonal Optical Surface with Potential for Correction of Irregular Astigmatism
DA Atchison, A Ho - Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 2026
… The main purpose of this work is to develop non-orthogonal lens surfaces that
can be used for designing improved ophthalmic lenses in conditions such as
keratoconus. Before doing this, we will show how the power of non-orthogonal …
can be used for designing improved ophthalmic lenses in conditions such as
keratoconus. Before doing this, we will show how the power of non-orthogonal …
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[PDF] Deep-stromal implantation of a double-crosslinked bioengineered porcine collagen implant (BPCDX) in advanced keratoconus: a 12-month study of corneal …
M Jabarvand, A Doostdar, A Jamali, M Rahimi… - Scientific Reports, 2026
To evaluate the efficacy of the Bioengineered Porcine Collagen, Double-Crosslinked
(BPCDX) Implant in patients with advanced keratoconus (KCN). This study included
17 eyes of 17 patients (mean age = 32.29 ± 9.21 years) with stage 3–4 KCN. A …
(BPCDX) Implant in patients with advanced keratoconus (KCN). This study included
17 eyes of 17 patients (mean age = 32.29 ± 9.21 years) with stage 3–4 KCN. A …
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The association between keratoconus and inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
S Lahijanian, H Kandel, R Kha, SL Watson - 2026
… an association between inflammatory bowel disease and keratoconus METHODS:
Our search of five … keratoconus. The aggregate odds ratio of Mendelian
randomisations was 1.24 (95% confidence interval 1.21-1.26) suggesting a …
Our search of five … keratoconus. The aggregate odds ratio of Mendelian
randomisations was 1.24 (95% confidence interval 1.21-1.26) suggesting a …
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Trends in the management of keratoconus in Australia
R Kha, H Kandel, SL Watson - 2026
… Abstract: PURPOSE: Over the past few decades, management options for
keratoconus have evolved to include corneal crosslinking (CXL)… use of
keratoconus management techniques in Australia. METHODS: This cross-sectional …
keratoconus have evolved to include corneal crosslinking (CXL)… use of
keratoconus management techniques in Australia. METHODS: This cross-sectional …
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Patient Perspectives of Surgery in Keratoconus
L Fan, H Kandel, SL Watson - 2026
… surgery for keratoconus is limited. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were
conducted with patients diagnosed with keratoconus at a … CONCLUSIONS: This
study reveals the varied perspectives patients have towards surgery for keratoconus …
conducted with patients diagnosed with keratoconus at a … CONCLUSIONS: This
study reveals the varied perspectives patients have towards surgery for keratoconus …
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[HTML] Assessment of corneal biomechanical properties using Corvis ST following LASIK, PRK, and CXL
PS Saif, MYS Saif, HMK Abdel Dayem, MOAE Elsayed… - Lasers in Medical Science, 2026
… CXL is a therapeutic approach primarily used for keratoconus and other ectatic
conditions. This procedure enhances the biomechanical strength of the cornea by
inducing collagen cross-linking with riboflavin and ultraviolet-A exposure. Corvis ST–based …
conditions. This procedure enhances the biomechanical strength of the cornea by
inducing collagen cross-linking with riboflavin and ultraviolet-A exposure. Corvis ST–based …
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[HTML] Corneal tomographic and densitometric characteristics in children with allergic conjunctivitis: a comparative pentacam AXL study
A Karakiraz, S Çakmak, B Karakaya, E Altınkurt… - BMC Ophthalmology, 2026
Purpose To explore corneal tomographic and densitometric parameters associated
with subtle corneal alterations in children with allergic conjunctivitis using the
Pentacam AXL system. Methods This cross-sectional study included 64 eyes of 32 …
with subtle corneal alterations in children with allergic conjunctivitis using the
Pentacam AXL system. Methods This cross-sectional study included 64 eyes of 32 …
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Corneal biomechanical parameters as novel predictors of refractive stability after small incision lenticule extraction
L He, Y Zhang, Y Miao, X Tang, J Wang, X Wang… - BMC Ophthalmology, 2026
Purpose To evaluate the predictive value of preoperative corneal biomechanical
parameters for refractive stability after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and
to develop a multivariate model integrating biomechanical and anatomical factors for …
parameters for refractive stability after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and
to develop a multivariate model integrating biomechanical and anatomical factors for …
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[HTML] Association of Remnant Cholesterol With the Retinal Capillary Plexus
S Ding, X Zhu, K Yang, Y Wang, Z Wang, Z Li, W Lian… - Translational Vision Science …, 2026
Purpose: Remnant cholesterol (RC) is a well-recognized risk factor for
cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and an important biomarker of cardiovascular risk.
However, studies on the effects of RC on the early retinal microvasculature are still …
cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and an important biomarker of cardiovascular risk.
However, studies on the effects of RC on the early retinal microvasculature are still …
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Association between refractive status and quantitative corneal subbasal nerve plexus parameters in young adults
Y Liang, X Zhang, H Wang, W Li - BMC Ophthalmology, 2026
Background To evaluate the association between refractive status and quantitative
corneal subbasal nerve plexus (SBNP) parameters in healthy young adults, and to
explore their relationships with ocular biometric measures. Methods: This cross-sectional …
corneal subbasal nerve plexus (SBNP) parameters in healthy young adults, and to
explore their relationships with ocular biometric measures. Methods: This cross-sectional …
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[HTML] Applications of advanced in vitro ocular models
BJ Groenewald, M Blignaut, B Loos, N Chellan - In vitro models, 2026
… Pathologies like keratoconus can also alter the morphology of certain structures
in the eye. Keratoconus is characterised by progressive thinning and cone like
morphology of the cornea in a bilateral manner [52]. Lastly, other systemic …
in the eye. Keratoconus is characterised by progressive thinning and cone like
morphology of the cornea in a bilateral manner [52]. Lastly, other systemic …
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Natural History and Progression of Untreated Keratoconus: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
TH Tsai, JH Hsu, CL Tsai, SC Shao, CH Hsiao, KK Lin - Current Eye Research, 2026
… untreated keratoconus, which can facilitate the earlier detection of progressive
keratoconus … that (1) included patients with untreated keratoconus who were
followed up for ≥6 months, (… keratoconus eyes, and (3) reported both baseline …
keratoconus … that (1) included patients with untreated keratoconus who were
followed up for ≥6 months, (… keratoconus eyes, and (3) reported both baseline …
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[HTML] Evaluation of Microcirculation at the Optic Nerve Head in Eyes With Keratoconus
S Ichinohasama, H Namba, T Shiba, T Kobayashi… - … Ophthalmology & Visual …, 2026
… diagnosed with keratoconus, and an additional 1.46% were classified as
keratoconus suspects. These findings indicate that keratoconus is … LSFG
measurements are difficult to obtain in advanced keratoconus, this study mainly …
keratoconus suspects. These findings indicate that keratoconus is … LSFG
measurements are difficult to obtain in advanced keratoconus, this study mainly …
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Long-term follow up (≥ 10 years) of penetrating keratoplasty versus deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for keratoconus
S Feizi, MA Javadi, K Bayat, M Janani, Z Khorrami… - Graefe's Archive for Clinical …, 2026
… such as keratoconus, stromal dystrophies, and stromal scars. DALK has become
the preferred approach for advanced keratoconus due to … this study was to
compare long-term (≥ 10 years) clinical outcomes and graft survival between PK …
the preferred approach for advanced keratoconus due to … this study was to
compare long-term (≥ 10 years) clinical outcomes and graft survival between PK …
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[PDF] “Aye, there's the rub”–ocular allergy and keratoconus
ZLBBM MD, EWTCPD FRANZCO
… had keratoconus) in quantitative meta-analyses; and 7 studies (6 cross-sectional,
1 basic science) with 899 participants (709 of which had keratoconus) in descriptive
analyses. Three meta-analyses were performed to synthesise the associations …
1 basic science) with 899 participants (709 of which had keratoconus) in descriptive
analyses. Three meta-analyses were performed to synthesise the associations …
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[HTML] A Study of Clinical Patterns and Risk Factors of Amblyopia in Children at a Tertiary Care Government Hospital
R Yenugandula, D Quraishi, UM Ram - International Journal of Medical and …, 2026
… , including silent traumatic cataract and anisomyopia associated with keratoconus.
These findings broaden the conventional understanding of … Similarly, the
presence of keratoconus in paediatric patients is of particular concern because …
These findings broaden the conventional understanding of … Similarly, the
presence of keratoconus in paediatric patients is of particular concern because …
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Wavefront-guided contact lens corrections for the highly aberrated eye
JD Marsack, RA Applegate - Handbook of Visual Optics, Volume Two, 2026
… For the keratoconic, this burden can be put into context if one considers the point
in life when the aberrations associated with keratoconus generally impact the
individual. Keratoconus typically becomes apparent to the patient in the late teens or …
in life when the aberrations associated with keratoconus generally impact the
individual. Keratoconus typically becomes apparent to the patient in the late teens or …
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[PDF] Risk Factors of Keratoconus in High School Students in Trinidad and Tobago: A Cross‐Sectional Study
NE Ezinne, MA Kwarteng, S Phagoo… - Health Science Reports, 2026
Background Keratoconus (KC) is the most common form of keratectasia that is
associated with impaired vision and reduced quality of life, especially in adolescents.
This study aims to identify and assess the risk factors associated with KC among …
associated with impaired vision and reduced quality of life, especially in adolescents.
This study aims to identify and assess the risk factors associated with KC among …
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Evolution of keratoconus diagnostic methods
LA Sultygova, MR Taevere, AA Shpak - Ophthalmology Reports, 2026
… of keratoconus is the most important objective of an ophthalmologist. Early
detection and timely treatment reduce the risk of progression, poor prognosis, and
unnecessary refractive procedures. This review discusses current methods for …
detection and timely treatment reduce the risk of progression, poor prognosis, and
unnecessary refractive procedures. This review discusses current methods for …
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[PDF] Replacement of Synthetic Intracorneal Ring Segments by Corneal Allogenic Intrastromal Ring Segments (CAIRS) in Keratoconus: A Narrative Review with Systematic …
A Barbara - 2026
… corneal ring segments (ICRS) have a longer history of use in keratoconus and
achieve … keratoconus and ICRS implanted 20 years prior. After stromal thinning
was identi ed, the lower … advanced bilateral keratoconus whose right eye had …
achieve … keratoconus and ICRS implanted 20 years prior. After stromal thinning
was identi ed, the lower … advanced bilateral keratoconus whose right eye had …
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[HTML] The effects on visual functions and vision-related quality-of-life after fitting of scleral lenses in keratoconus
SM Roten, E Lundanes, V Sundling - Scandinavian Journal of Optometry and Visual …, 2026
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of fitting scleral lenses on visual
acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS) and vision-related quality-of-life (VR-QoL) in
persons with keratoconus. An intervention study was undertaken, with a clinical …
acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS) and vision-related quality-of-life (VR-QoL) in
persons with keratoconus. An intervention study was undertaken, with a clinical …
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Paradigm Shift: Intrastromal Ring Implantation in Advanced Keratoconus (Kmax≥ 75 D)—An Alternative to Transplantation?—Case Series
GEA do Nascimento, LRN Cirillo, AIRM Moreira… - … Journal of Keratoconus and …, 2026
… keratoconus who presented with poor visual acuity and an indication for
keratoplasty. Materials and methods: This case series included four patients with
advanced keratoconus (… A 20-year-old male (case 1) with enantiomorphic …
keratoplasty. Materials and methods: This case series included four patients with
advanced keratoconus (… A 20-year-old male (case 1) with enantiomorphic …
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Evaluation of the corneal endothelium in clear grafts after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty using specular microscopy
EE Sahin, M Faiz Turan, Y Koçluk, B Kasım Tekdemir - International Ophthalmology, 2026
… lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) due to keratoconus (KC), macular corneal dystrophy
(MCD), lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD), or corneal scarring. … Consequently, DALK
is widely performed in conditions without endothelial involvement, such as …
(MCD), lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD), or corneal scarring. … Consequently, DALK
is widely performed in conditions without endothelial involvement, such as …
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[HTML] Proteomic Analysis of Human Corneal Keratocytes Reveals Mechanical Strain–Dependent Changes in Cellular Function
Q Zhang, S Zhu, A Mateus, W Zhang, P Danielson… - … Ophthalmology & Visual …, 2026
… Given reports of increased corneal deformation in ocular disorders such as
glaucoma, keratoconus, and corneal injury, our findings highlight the detrimental
impact of high corneal strain on keratocyte function and tissue homeostasis. These …
glaucoma, keratoconus, and corneal injury, our findings highlight the detrimental
impact of high corneal strain on keratocyte function and tissue homeostasis. These …
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[HTML] Epidemiology of Keratoconus in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Indian Study Populations
M Ripa, C Schipa, P Aceto, S Prasad, NA Shah - Vision, 2026
… Therefore, we aimed to synthesize available evidence on the prevalence of
keratoconus (KC… , the diagnostic procedures used to identify keratoconus were
not clearly reported. This lack … the currently available evidence on keratoconus …
keratoconus (KC… , the diagnostic procedures used to identify keratoconus were
not clearly reported. This lack … the currently available evidence on keratoconus …
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[PDF] Humanistic and Economic Burden of Patients With Keratoconus
M Dionysopoulou, J Makripoulias, N Kotsopoulos… - Cureus, 2026
… Keratoconus is a chronic, progressive corneal disease that occurs primarily in
people of working age and significantly affects visual … The primary objective of this
study was to assess the impact of keratoconus on VRQoL and work productivity …
people of working age and significantly affects visual … The primary objective of this
study was to assess the impact of keratoconus on VRQoL and work productivity …
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[HTML] 200 KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA AND SJÖGREN'S SYNDROME
AD Irvine, LD Corden, O Swensson
… Keratoconus is a noninflammatory corneal disorder that involves abnormal
thinning of the corneal stroma; thinning usually occurs in either … True unilateral
keratoconus is infrequent. Keratoconus affects approximately 1 in 2000 and is the …
thinning of the corneal stroma; thinning usually occurs in either … True unilateral
keratoconus is infrequent. Keratoconus affects approximately 1 in 2000 and is the …
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[PDF] Pre-Medicine Internship Program
Y Nakada-Sasaki
… At sixteen, I was diagnosed with keratoconus, a progressive eye condition that
causes the cornea to thin and change shape, leading to blurred vision. The exact
cause of keratoconus remains uncertain, with both genetic and environmental …
causes the cornea to thin and change shape, leading to blurred vision. The exact
cause of keratoconus remains uncertain, with both genetic and environmental …
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[HTML] Clinical Experience with Scleral Lens Wear After Corneal Cross-Linking in Keratoconus: Longitudinal Keratometric Outcomes
YY Jeon, N Park, YE Lee, J Han, CM Lee, C Yu… - Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2026
… use prevents keratoconus progression, as 23 eyes (14.6%) of 157 patients with
keratoconus experienced a … keratoconus progression but also provide visual
correction, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of scleral lenses …
keratoconus experienced a … keratoconus progression but also provide visual
correction, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of scleral lenses …
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Visual outcomes following implantation of intracorneal rings with sharp and round triangular cross-section designs in keratoconus
S Soleimani, S Pirhadi, K Jadidi, A Mirzajani… - International Ophthalmology, 2026
… Forty eyes from 40 keratoconus patients with the age range of 21 to 43 years
participated in this study, 20 eyes in the Keratacx Plus group and 20 eyes in the
Keraring group. The mean age in the Keratacx Plus and Keraring groups was 30.3 ± …
participated in this study, 20 eyes in the Keratacx Plus group and 20 eyes in the
Keraring group. The mean age in the Keratacx Plus and Keraring groups was 30.3 ± …
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Prevalence of floppy eyelid syndrome and keratoconus in Egyptian patients with obstructive sleep apnea
ISH Ahmed, A Ramadan, KM Khamis, AY Bahgat… - International Ophthalmology, 2026
… We excluded patients with any ocular disease that may interfere with the
diagnosis of keratoconus (KC) (eg, prior refractive surgery, corneal opacity, patients
with history of atopic eye disease), prior recurrent eyelid infections, tumors, surgery …
diagnosis of keratoconus (KC) (eg, prior refractive surgery, corneal opacity, patients
with history of atopic eye disease), prior recurrent eyelid infections, tumors, surgery …
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Demarcation line following additive stromal keratoplasty
M Afzal, SK Mishra, A Sati - Eye, 2026
… The procedure was carried out in a paediatric patient with advanced keratoconus,
with a minimum corneal thickness of 312 µm after de-epithelialisation. …
with a minimum corneal thickness of 312 µm after de-epithelialisation. …
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Complications and graft rejection after keratoplasty: clinical outcomes and risk factors in a tertiary ophthalmology service
T Danilov, A Paduca - Cells and Tissues Transplantation. Actualities and …, 2026
Introduction. Corneal blindness is a major cause of visual impairment, and
keratoplasty is often the only option to restore corneal transparency and function.
Despite advances in surgical techniques, postoperative complications and graft …
keratoplasty is often the only option to restore corneal transparency and function.
Despite advances in surgical techniques, postoperative complications and graft …
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Evaluation of the landscape of corneal transplants in Brazil: a retrospective analysis of the last 10 years
LS Loureiro, TP Naves, CO Avila, LEP Silva… - Rev. bras. oftalmol., 2026
Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of corneal transplants in
Brazil between 2014 and 2023. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective
epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected from the SIA/SUS …
Brazil between 2014 and 2023. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective
epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected from the SIA/SUS …
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[HTML] “Eye-Conic” Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals the Layer-Specific Molecular Alterations in Corneas of Patients With Keratoconus
A Wysocka, K Jaskiewicz-Rajewicz, J Wozniak… - … Ophthalmology & Visual …, 2026
Purpose: Due to the structural complexity of the human cornea as well as the
characteristic histopathological changes occurring in keratoconus (KTCN) cornea,
there is a need to identify the associated cellular and molecular layer-specific …
characteristic histopathological changes occurring in keratoconus (KTCN) cornea,
there is a need to identify the associated cellular and molecular layer-specific …
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Ophthalmological Abnormalities in syndromic or non-syndromic Epidermal Differentiation Disorders: a cross-sectional study
P Fournié, B Bonneau, H Texier, V Soler… - British Journal of …, 2026
… aimed to evaluate the incidence of keratoconus and other ophthalmologic
abnormalities in patients with congenital ichthyosis compared to controls. Seventy-two
patients with ichthyosis and 72 sex-matched controls were included. Keratoconus …
abnormalities in patients with congenital ichthyosis compared to controls. Seventy-two
patients with ichthyosis and 72 sex-matched controls were included. Keratoconus …
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Identification of Key Genes Associated with Butyrate Metabolism in Keratoconus through Mendelian Randomization and Transcriptomic Analysis
N Gao, H Huang, Y Tian, J Hu, W Wang, H Ye, X Dong - Experimental Eye Research, 2026
Background Keratoconus (KC) is a degenerative corneal disease with a complex
etiology that severely affects vision. Butyrate is a saturated short-chain fatty acid with
anti-inflammatory properties. Accumulating evidence underscores a significant role …
etiology that severely affects vision. Butyrate is a saturated short-chain fatty acid with
anti-inflammatory properties. Accumulating evidence underscores a significant role …
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[HTML] Serum Markers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Keratoconus: Ischemia-Modified Albumin, Malondialdehyde, and Total Thiol Levels
S Tekin, E Seven, C Demir, H Demir, M Batur, MD Özer… - Medicina, 2026
… patients with keratoconus compared to healthy controls, suggesting a disruption
of antioxidant defense mechanisms in keratoconus. This … , and stromal thinning,
which are characteristic features of keratoconus. Consistent with previous studies …
of antioxidant defense mechanisms in keratoconus. This … , and stromal thinning,
which are characteristic features of keratoconus. Consistent with previous studies …
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[HTML] Epioxa: The First FDA-Approved epithelium-on-cross-linking therapy for keratoconus
E Maryam, A Rafique, B Malik, I Shareef, W Batool… - Annals of Medicine and …, 2026
Keratoconus is a degenerative eye disorder characterized by progressive thinning
and anterior bulging, which leads to visual distortion. Corneal collagen cross-linking
(CXL) is now considered the standard of care for preventing further disease …
and anterior bulging, which leads to visual distortion. Corneal collagen cross-linking
(CXL) is now considered the standard of care for preventing further disease …
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Current Perspectives in Surgical Correction of Myopia
T Chauhan, K Bhardwaj, KS Hikkalagutti - Manual of Myopia Control
Myopia, commonly known as near-sightedness, affects a significant proportion of the
global population especially in the East and Southeast Asia where rates have
reached epidemic proportions. Recent studies have suggested that by 2050, almost …
global population especially in the East and Southeast Asia where rates have
reached epidemic proportions. Recent studies have suggested that by 2050, almost …
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[TXT] Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Park Road, Auckland, New …
IP Loh, JCF Gaskin, T Sherwin, CNJ McGhee
… Keratoconus is a degenerative ectatic disease, with both a genetic … corneal
hydrops with a giant intrastromal cleft secondary to keratoconus. Clin Exp …
Detection of specific collagen types in normal and keratoconus corneas. Invest …
hydrops with a giant intrastromal cleft secondary to keratoconus. Clin Exp …
Detection of specific collagen types in normal and keratoconus corneas. Invest …
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[PDF] Effect of Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis versus Trans Photo Refractive Keratectomy on Corneal Endothelial Cell Count
O Irfan, S Parveen, T Azeem, A Fawad, AI Sheen - Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
… The study excluded patients who had Fuchs' dystrophy, keratoconus, pregnancy,
diabetes, glaucoma, past ocular surgery, trauma or any other corneal and ocular
pathology. Endothelial cells count (ECC) was assessed at baseline and at 12 …
diabetes, glaucoma, past ocular surgery, trauma or any other corneal and ocular
pathology. Endothelial cells count (ECC) was assessed at baseline and at 12 …
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[PDF] Asymmetric whole eye movement during non-contact tonometry: independent validation and implications for corneal biomechanical parameters
D Oehring, P Buckhurst, C Purslow, H Buckhurst - 2026
Purpose The Corvis ST non-contact tonometer calculates whole eye movement (WEM)
to isolate corneal deflection from globe displacement, assuming symmetrical
retraction. This study aimed to validate the Corvis ST WEM parameter against an …
to isolate corneal deflection from globe displacement, assuming symmetrical
retraction. This study aimed to validate the Corvis ST WEM parameter against an …
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[PDF] Mechanical Activation of PIEZO1 Drives AP-1–Dependent PTGS2/PGE2 Signaling and Corneal Inflammation
Z Zou, X Qian, J Ren, Y Wang, Y Liu, A Luo, M Guo… - iScience, 2026
… Given that eye rubbing is a significant high-risk factor for the onset of keratoconus,
we 237 analyzed single-cell corneal data from patients with keratoconus (GSE285060)5. …
keratoconus exhibit higher levels of PGE2 compared to healthy individuals …
we 237 analyzed single-cell corneal data from patients with keratoconus (GSE285060)5. …
keratoconus exhibit higher levels of PGE2 compared to healthy individuals …
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[HTML] Agreement between a swept-source optical coherence tomography and dual Scheimpflug Placido analyser in healthy, keratoconus suspect and keratoconus eyes
MA Abdul-Kadir, MA Mohamed Shafit, A Salam… - BMC Ophthalmology, 2026
Purpose To evaluate the agreement and interchangeability of anterior and posterior
corneal parameters measured by the swept-source optical coherence tomography–based
ANTERION and the dual Scheimpflug–Placido GALILEI G4 in normal, keratoconus …
corneal parameters measured by the swept-source optical coherence tomography–based
ANTERION and the dual Scheimpflug–Placido GALILEI G4 in normal, keratoconus …
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[PDF] CornOrb: A Multimodal Dataset of Orbscan Corneal Topography and Clinical Annotations for Keratoconus Detection
MEA Lazouni, LR Lazouni, ZA Elaouaber, M Ammar… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2026
In this paper, we present CornOrb, a publicly accessible multimodal dataset of
Orbscan corneal topography images and clinical annotations collected from patients
in Algeria. The dataset comprises 1,454 eyes from 744 patients, including 889 …
Orbscan corneal topography images and clinical annotations collected from patients
in Algeria. The dataset comprises 1,454 eyes from 744 patients, including 889 …
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Correlative Characteristics of Multidimensional Clinical Parameters and Predictive Value of Epithelial Thickness Variation in Chinese Patients with Keratoconus
LIU LIU, L Jiang, J Tang - 2026
Background Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral, progressive, and non-inflammatory
corneal ectatic disorder. This study aimed to characterize disease-specific features
of KC in a Chinese population and analyze correlations among multidimensional …
corneal ectatic disorder. This study aimed to characterize disease-specific features
of KC in a Chinese population and analyze correlations among multidimensional …
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[HTML] Sex differences in congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) and Slc4a11−/− mouse model of CHED
W Zhang, DS Ramya, E Araujo, J Venkatakrishnan… - Biology of Sex Differences, 2026
Background Sex differences have been described in several corneal diseases such
as Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy and keratoconus, with estrogens implicated
in the induction of these differences. Here, we report the identification of sex …
as Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy and keratoconus, with estrogens implicated
in the induction of these differences. Here, we report the identification of sex …
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[PDF] Visual Performance of a non-diffractive Extended Depth of Focus IOL in Early-Stage Keratoconus: Prospective Pilot Study
E Bonacci, C Pagnacco, A Fasolo, F Barzaghi… - 2026
… Anterior and posterior corneal higher-order aberrations in early diagnosis and
grading of keratoconus. Clin Exp Optom. 2023 Apr;106(3):… Clinical outcomes of
new toric trifocal diffractive intraocular lens in patients with cataract and stable …
grading of keratoconus. Clin Exp Optom. 2023 Apr;106(3):… Clinical outcomes of
new toric trifocal diffractive intraocular lens in patients with cataract and stable …
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[HTML] Irreversible Ocular and Systemic Damage in ROSAH Syndrome
C Fabiani, V Caggiano, J Sbalchiero, C Gaggiano… - Ophthalmology and Therapy, 2026
… In our case series, one patient had bilateral keratoconus raising the hypothesis
that ALPK1 dysregulation might influence corneal stromal remodeling and structural
integrity during ocular development, though a direct mechanistic link remains …
that ALPK1 dysregulation might influence corneal stromal remodeling and structural
integrity during ocular development, though a direct mechanistic link remains …
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[PDF] Distribution of Keratoconus by Age and Gender Groups in a Tertiary Eye Center: A Cross-Sectional Study
AH REYHAN
… This study evaluated a total of 240 eyes from 120 diagnosed keratoconus patients
according to four different age groups (0–12, 13–18, 19–25, ≥ 26 years). Pentacam
corneal topography … keratoconus on visual function varies signi cantly across different …
according to four different age groups (0–12, 13–18, 19–25, ≥ 26 years). Pentacam
corneal topography … keratoconus on visual function varies signi cantly across different …
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[HTML] Microbial Keratitis After Corneal Allograft Intrastromal Ring Segment Implantation
E Kirat, O Kirat, M Almutlak, R Fairaq, HB Helayel - Cornea Open, 2026
… A 49-year-old male patient with keratoconus presented with a history of bilateral
keratoconus managed by rigid gas-permeable contact … Corneal tomography
revealed moderate keratoconus with a K1, K2, and Km of 44.4, 45.5D, and 45.0D in …
keratoconus managed by rigid gas-permeable contact … Corneal tomography
revealed moderate keratoconus with a K1, K2, and Km of 44.4, 45.5D, and 45.0D in …
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[HTML] Corneal Topography
CP Manual
… of keratoconus and how newer technologies such as corneal topography can
assist in the diagnosis and progression of keratoconus. … In corneal refractive
surgery, early diagnosis of keratoconus (subclinical asymptomatic keratoconus) is of …
assist in the diagnosis and progression of keratoconus. … In corneal refractive
surgery, early diagnosis of keratoconus (subclinical asymptomatic keratoconus) is of …
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[PDF] Multifaceted role of CNPY2 beyond ER stress: Disease implications and therapeutic potential
S Ebadollahibaruq, L Meng, F Hong
… Moreover, recent meta-analyses have linked CNPY2 downregulation with
Keratoconus pathogenesis, further highlighting its tissue-specific roles. Hence, this
review meticulously dissects CNPY2's structural characteristics, expression patterns …
Keratoconus pathogenesis, further highlighting its tissue-specific roles. Hence, this
review meticulously dissects CNPY2's structural characteristics, expression patterns …
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Additive stromal keratoplasty with collagen cross linking for management of advanced keratoconus in children
SK Mishra, A Sati, A Joshi, R Chauhan, S Dhar… - Eye, 2026
Materials and methods This innovative surgical procedure (Supplementary Video)
was performed on paediatric patients with advanced and progressive keratoconus
who demonstrated a post de-epithelialisation thinnest pachymetry from 300 to 330 …
was performed on paediatric patients with advanced and progressive keratoconus
who demonstrated a post de-epithelialisation thinnest pachymetry from 300 to 330 …
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[PDF] Modification of Corneal Biomechanics in Keratoconus and Healthy Corneas in Relation to Age, IOP, and Pachymetry in a North African Population: A Case–Control …
B Omari, C Khodriss, D Kouadio, XX Wang… - … Journal of Keratoconus and …, 2026
… with biomechanical measures in both the normal and keratoconus groups. In the
normal group, … In contrast, in the keratoconus group, the strongest associations
were found between … on corneal biomechanical indices in both normal and …
normal group, … In contrast, in the keratoconus group, the strongest associations
were found between … on corneal biomechanical indices in both normal and …
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Explainable Neuro-Symbolic Artificial Intelligence for Automated Interpretation of Corneal Topography and Early Keratoconus Detection
MH Wang - Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence
Background: Early detection of keratoconus is essential for preventing postoperative
complications in refractive surgery and preserving long-term visual function.
Although artificial intelligence has demonstrated strong potential in ophthalmic …
complications in refractive surgery and preserving long-term visual function.
Although artificial intelligence has demonstrated strong potential in ophthalmic …
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Corneal infiltration due to late endothelial perforation by an intrastromal ring segment
P Puy, D Carrascosa, E Redondo, MI Gabarrón… - Archivos de la Sociedad …, 2026
… Introduction Keratoconus is a corneal ectatic disorder characterized by
progressive thinning … In this context, we describe the case of a patient with
keratoconus treated with implantation … Discussion The most frequently indicated …
progressive thinning … In this context, we describe the case of a patient with
keratoconus treated with implantation … Discussion The most frequently indicated …
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[HTML] Visual and Structural Outcomes of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty for Failed Penetrating Keratoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
J Qedair, S Almarwani, R Bawazir, H Kalantan - Cornea Open, 2026
… In our meta-analysis, the most common indications for initial PKP were
keratoconus (35.8%) and Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (FED; 23.1%). This aligns
with Hayashi et al, 37 who reported that failed PKP and bullous keratopathy were …
keratoconus (35.8%) and Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (FED; 23.1%). This aligns
with Hayashi et al, 37 who reported that failed PKP and bullous keratopathy were …
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The relationship between correction modality and clinical signs and symptoms of dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction in keratoconic patients
L Gantz, R Bloom, R Ifrah - Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 2026
Purpose Individuals with keratoconus (KC) who wear contact lenses (CLs) exhibit
increased corneal weakening, a characteristic feature of dry eye disease (DED).
This study examined associations between CL modalities and clinical signs and …
increased corneal weakening, a characteristic feature of dry eye disease (DED).
This study examined associations between CL modalities and clinical signs and …
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Timing of corneal cross-linking in eyes undergoing intracorneal ring segments for keratoconus: same-day versus staged CXL: a systematic review and meta-analysis
H Bonajmah, F Aljassar, AA Taqi, DH AlSabah - International Ophthalmology, 2026
Background In keratoconus managed with intracorneal ring segments (ICRS) plus
corneal cross-linking (CXL), ICRS primarily reshapes the cornea while CXL provides
biomechanical improvement and shape stabilization. However, clinical practice …
corneal cross-linking (CXL), ICRS primarily reshapes the cornea while CXL provides
biomechanical improvement and shape stabilization. However, clinical practice …
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[PDF] Evaluation of systemic inflammatory biomarkers and sex hormones levels in patients with keratoconus
A Abd El-Gwad, AM Hashish, HAEF Kishk… - Egyptian Journal of …, 2026
Propus: To investigate the effect of inflammatory biomarkers on the pathogenesis of
KC and association between sex hormones levels and keratoconus. Methods: This
cross-sectional study included 40 patients diagnosed with KC (group A) and control …
KC and association between sex hormones levels and keratoconus. Methods: This
cross-sectional study included 40 patients diagnosed with KC (group A) and control …
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[PDF] Letter to: Corneal collagen cross-linking by sun exposure and high dose oral riboflavin: a multicentric longitudinal observational study
EAT Netto, M Aydemir, NJ Lu, S Kling, NL Hafezi… - Rev. bras. oftalmol., 2026
… (1) The authors conclude that "Oral riboflavin treatment combined with sun
exposure appears to be effective in stabilizing the progression of keratoconus".
While we commend their effort to address accessibility in keratoconus care, we …
exposure appears to be effective in stabilizing the progression of keratoconus".
While we commend their effort to address accessibility in keratoconus care, we …
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[PDF] Characteristics of Trachomatous Corneal Opacity Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Pentacam
MA Ibrahim, ATS Saif, MM Diab, OM Said - Egyptian Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
… the Pentacam demonstrated a greater ability to diagnose patients with dense
corneal opacities with keratoconus. … This study demonstrated the limitations of
Pentacam in diagnosing keratoconus. In 54% of cases, Pentacam incorrectly …
corneal opacities with keratoconus. … This study demonstrated the limitations of
Pentacam in diagnosing keratoconus. In 54% of cases, Pentacam incorrectly …
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[PDF] Article• Role of the Optometrist in the Management of Bilateral Anterior Lenticonus: A Case of Alport Syndrome
K Shah, M Optom
… Corneal topography was also performed to rule out keratoconus or other forms of
irregular astigmatism; the results were within normal limits, effectively ruling out
corneal ectatic disorders. Genetic testing (COL4A5 mutation) was conducted and …
irregular astigmatism; the results were within normal limits, effectively ruling out
corneal ectatic disorders. Genetic testing (COL4A5 mutation) was conducted and …
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[PDF] Furthermore, we do not consider it appropriate to classify studies as 'anecdotal'. Every study has its own value–not necessarily to definitively prove a hypothesis, but to …
E Almodin, F Almodin, J Almodin - Rev Bras Oftalmol, 2026
This is how knowledge is built: from initial observations to more robust trials, in a
continuous process of methodological refinement, just how you did with your article
about Corneal Cross-linking with Riboflavin Using Sunlight.(4) Thus, we were very …
continuous process of methodological refinement, just how you did with your article
about Corneal Cross-linking with Riboflavin Using Sunlight.(4) Thus, we were very …
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[HTML] Consensus recommendations on tear fluid terminology: A Delphi study by the tear research network
J Schmeetz, R Agrawal, C Cifuentes-González… - Contact Lens and Anterior …, 2026
Purpose Tear fluid is a clinically relevant body fluid frequently used in ocular
disease and biomarker research. However, inconsistent terminology has limited
data comparability and hindered clinical translation. This international Delphi …
disease and biomarker research. However, inconsistent terminology has limited
data comparability and hindered clinical translation. This international Delphi …
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[HTML] Sectoral Analysis of Corneal Thickness in Glaucoma and Healthy Eyes and Its Relationship with RNFL and Rim Area
P Miklaszewski, AM Gadamer, Z Lelek… - Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2026
Background/Objectives: To characterize sectoral corneal thickness (CT) profiles in
eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) compared with healthy eyes and to
evaluate potential associations between CT, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) …
eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) compared with healthy eyes and to
evaluate potential associations between CT, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) …
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Outcome of accelerated corneal cross-linking with 0.25% riboflavin in progressive keratoconus patients
CY Yeh, KI Huang, KTK Liang, CC Hu, SF Cheng - International Ophthalmology, 2026
… A retrospective analysis was performed on twenty-four patients (32 eyes)
diagnosed with progressive keratoconus treated in Taiwan. Exclusion … Our
findings demonstrate the safety and efficacy of accelerated CXL with 0.25 …
diagnosed with progressive keratoconus treated in Taiwan. Exclusion … Our
findings demonstrate the safety and efficacy of accelerated CXL with 0.25 …
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[PDF] Comparison of Reproducibility and Repeatability of Corneal Topography Measured by ATLAS 500 and ATLAS 9000 in Average Patient Population
P Tañá-Rivero, P Orts-Vila, P Tañá-Sanz, S Tañá-Sanz… - Clinical Ophthalmology, 2026
… For the exploratory endpoint, the dichotomized keratoconus classification derived
from ATLAS 500 was compared with ATLAS 9000. For keratoconus categorisation,
each eye was classified based on all six measurements (2 operators × 3 repeats); …
from ATLAS 500 was compared with ATLAS 9000. For keratoconus categorisation,
each eye was classified based on all six measurements (2 operators × 3 repeats); …
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[HTML] A Detailed Phenotypic Characterization of Keratoconus in a Large Portuguese Cohort
M Francisco, P Gil, J Gil, N Alves, J Feijão, E Costa… - … Sociedade Portuguesa de …, 2026
INTRODUÇÃO: O queratocone (QC) é ectasia corneana mais prevalente, definida
por afinamento e aumento progressivo da curvatura da córnea. Este estudo tem
como objetivo uma caraterização fenotípica detalhada do QC numa grande coorte …
por afinamento e aumento progressivo da curvatura da córnea. Este estudo tem
como objetivo uma caraterização fenotípica detalhada do QC numa grande coorte …
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[PDF] Comprehensive Corneal Thickness Evaluation: A Narrative Review of Past, Present and Future
I Mendo, T Loureiro, N Sena Jr, F Moraes, I Machado… - … Sociedade Portuguesa de …, 2026
… normal and 25 mild to moderate keratoconus patients were evaluated, and he
concluded that keratoconus corneas have a more abrupt … The same findings were
observed when comparing 364 normal eyes and 46 eyes with mild to moderate …
concluded that keratoconus corneas have a more abrupt … The same findings were
observed when comparing 364 normal eyes and 46 eyes with mild to moderate …
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[HTML] Dry Eye Disease: Bridging Systemic Inflammation, Ocular Surface Biology, and Clinical Innovation
L Gantz - Biomedicines, 2026
… Ifrah & Darwish describe a substantially higher prevalence and severity of
objective MGD signs in keratoconus patients (33 eyes) … keratoconus patients are
often corrected with contact lenses, and its corneal ectatic nature, the causative …
objective MGD signs in keratoconus patients (33 eyes) … keratoconus patients are
often corrected with contact lenses, and its corneal ectatic nature, the causative …
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[PDF] Portable AI-powered scanning slit-light device for low-cost eye disease screening
N Kaushik, P Sharma, T Miya, N Himori, M Sato… - Scientific Reports, 2026
Accurate anterior-segment assessment is essential for detecting conditions such as
primary angle-closure glaucoma, cataract, and keratoconus, yet current tools remain
limited: slit-lamp biomicroscopy is qualitative and operator-dependent, whereas …
primary angle-closure glaucoma, cataract, and keratoconus, yet current tools remain
limited: slit-lamp biomicroscopy is qualitative and operator-dependent, whereas …
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Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Implications
GR Vera-Duarte, G Ortiz-Morales, JC Guerrero-Acosta… - Survey of Ophthalmology
Atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) is a chronic, bilateral inflammatory disease of the
ocular surface that primarily affects young adults with a history of atopic dermatitis,
asthma, or allergic rhinitis. AKC is considered the most severe form of ocular allergy …
ocular surface that primarily affects young adults with a history of atopic dermatitis,
asthma, or allergic rhinitis. AKC is considered the most severe form of ocular allergy …
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[HTML] Corneal Allogeneic Intrastromal Ring Segments for Treating Keratoconus—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
EEB De Clerck, J Krüger, M Kropp, H Massa, B Pajic… - Medicina, 2026
Background and Objectives: Corneal allogeneic intrastromal ring segments (CAIRS)
are designed to decrease and stabilize the extent of corneal ectasia in keratoconus
patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the effectiveness of …
are designed to decrease and stabilize the extent of corneal ectasia in keratoconus
patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the effectiveness of …
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[PDF] Corneal allogenic intrastromal ring segments improve visual and topographic outcomes in advanced keratoconus: Short Title: CAIRS in Advanced Keratoconus
N Yesilirmak, N Kara, BE Aksoy, DM Ulusoy - Scientific Reports, 2026
… with advanced keratoconus. This retrospective observational study included 25
eyes of 20 patients with advanced keratoconus (defined as a … In this retrospective
study, we aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of CAIRS treatment for advanced …
eyes of 20 patients with advanced keratoconus (defined as a … In this retrospective
study, we aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of CAIRS treatment for advanced …
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Impact of Simultaneous TG-PRK on Corneal Haze After Cross-Linking for Keratoconus: A Quantitative Densitometry Analysis
E Costa, C Tavares, A Rosa, MJ Quadrado, JN Murta - Cornea, 2026
… topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy and corneal crosslinking in
progressive versus stable keratoconus. Cornea. 2022;41:399-406. … Natural history
of corneal haze after corneal collagen crosslinking in keratoconus using …
progressive versus stable keratoconus. Cornea. 2022;41:399-406. … Natural history
of corneal haze after corneal collagen crosslinking in keratoconus using …
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Tomographic and Biomechanical Stability of the Non-operated Eye in Asymmetric Keratoconus with Unilateral Intracorneal Ring Segment Implantation
JA Ambrósio, J Brissos, GC Tardão, A Neto… - Ophthalmology and therapy, 2026
Introduction This study aimed to assess the tomographic and biomechanical
progression of non-operated eyes in patients with asymmetric keratoconus who
underwent unilateral intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation. Methods This …
progression of non-operated eyes in patients with asymmetric keratoconus who
underwent unilateral intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation. Methods This …
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Acute Keratoconus as the Presenting Feature in Undiagnosed Norrie Disease: Hypothesis from a Novel NDP Mutation
L Kuang, Q Zhan, X Zhang, J Su, B Lin, P Guo - Frontiers in Medicine
… Comprehensive ophthalmological examination revealed bilateral keratoconus (right
eye with acute Descemet's membrane rupture), … Conclusions This represents, to
our knowledge, the first report of Norrie disease presenting with acute keratoconus (hydrops) …
eye with acute Descemet's membrane rupture), … Conclusions This represents, to
our knowledge, the first report of Norrie disease presenting with acute keratoconus (hydrops) …
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[PDF] Complications After Corneal Allografts Intrastromal Rings Segments (CAIRS) In Keratoconus And Post LASIK Ectasia A Case Series
R Barbara, D Gunn, B Khayat, A Barbara - 2026
Purpose: To report a multicenter case series describing complications following
Corneal Allogenic Intracorneal Ring Segments (CAIRS) implantation in keratoconus
patients and in post LASIK ectasia case, focusing on corneal neovascularization (CNV) …
Corneal Allogenic Intracorneal Ring Segments (CAIRS) implantation in keratoconus
patients and in post LASIK ectasia case, focusing on corneal neovascularization (CNV) …
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Doc or Quack: Science and Anti-Science in Modern Medicine Sander L. Gilman
M Bae - 2026
… Chapter 3 examines specialization through ophthalmology and the treatment of
keratoconus. The professional ascent of oculists—once considered quacks—was
enabled by anesthesia and aseptic techniques, parallelling the social mobility of …
keratoconus. The professional ascent of oculists—once considered quacks—was
enabled by anesthesia and aseptic techniques, parallelling the social mobility of …
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[HTML] Role of Ethnicity and Age in Corneal Curvature and Thickness Changes Following Corneal Cross-Linking for Keratoconus
BM Alenezi, F Khoyratty, S Biswas, YS Alshammari… - Translational Vision Science …, 2026
… keratoconus might achieve better outcomes if treated with CXL at an early stage
of keratoconus, 38 – 40 as the early diagnosis of keratoconus … of the disorder in
later life, particularly for juvenile keratoconus, to avoid its potential aggressive …
of keratoconus, 38 – 40 as the early diagnosis of keratoconus … of the disorder in
later life, particularly for juvenile keratoconus, to avoid its potential aggressive …
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[PDF] Ocular surface disease: allergy, biomarkers, diabetes, keratoconus, obesity and nutrition
PN Sinha - Swami Vivekananda University Press, 2026
… Keratoconus is a progressive eye condition that causes the cornea to thin and
bulge outward, resulting in distorted vision. This can lead to discomfort, sensitivity to
light, and difficulty with daily tasks such as driving or reading. Additionally …
bulge outward, resulting in distorted vision. This can lead to discomfort, sensitivity to
light, and difficulty with daily tasks such as driving or reading. Additionally …
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[HTML] Common and Distinct Features in Serum Proteomic Profiles in Keratoconus, Post-Laser Vision Correction Ectasia, and Pellucid Marginal Degeneration
K Jaskiewicz-Rajewicz, A Wysocka… - … Ophthalmology & Visual …, 2026
Purpose: Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors are implicated in keratoconus (KTCN),
pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD), and post-laser vision correction (PLVC)
ectasia etiology. Serum proteomic profiling was performed to molecularly …
pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD), and post-laser vision correction (PLVC)
ectasia etiology. Serum proteomic profiling was performed to molecularly …
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[HTML] Castroviejo's Square Graft After Six Decades
WB Lee, SC Kozarsky, S Marek - Cornea Open, 2026
… for advanced keratoconus in 1936. He published a large series of his results to
the American Ophthalmological Society in 1948 reviewing his 12 years of
experience with surgery for keratoconus. Later in … He reported over 80% success …
the American Ophthalmological Society in 1948 reviewing his 12 years of
experience with surgery for keratoconus. Later in … He reported over 80% success …
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[HTML] Bilateral manifestations of Terrien's marginal degeneration: a case report
RS Rathore, A Malik, M Singh, A Gupta - Delta Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
… diagnosing the case as TMD while ruling out other close differentials of the
disease like pellucid marginal degeneration and keratoconus. … while ruling out
other close differentials of the disease like PMD and keratoconus. Such patients …
disease like pellucid marginal degeneration and keratoconus. … while ruling out
other close differentials of the disease like PMD and keratoconus. Such patients …
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[PDF] Ocular Diagnostic Tests Effect on Ocular Health
J Dandapat, A Saha, BS Debnath - Swami Vivekananda University Press, 2026
… It is able to detect subtle corneal defects, such as formefruste keratoconus, a
subclinical keratoconus, that do not require surgery. The reason it is found at such
an early phase is that it is dangerous to treat a weakened cornea with refractive …
subclinical keratoconus, that do not require surgery. The reason it is found at such
an early phase is that it is dangerous to treat a weakened cornea with refractive …
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[PDF] The Recent Evolution of the Application of MicroRNAs in Eye-related Disease Research: A Systematic, Bibliometric and Visualized View of the Literature
P Han, M Hun, FNE Nfumu, B Jiang - 2026
Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs hold potential as diagnostic
biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ophthalmic diseases. However, there is a lack
of bibliometric research focused on the role of microRNAs in ophthalmology. In this …
biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ophthalmic diseases. However, there is a lack
of bibliometric research focused on the role of microRNAs in ophthalmology. In this …
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Integrated multi-omics analysis combined with clinical validation reveals that HLA-DRB5 and ODAPH are causal risk genes for keratoconus
F Zhao, B Zhao, R Cao, W Zhao, M Zhang, Y Sun… - Scientific Reports, 2026
This study aimed to elucidate the genetic determinants of keratoconus (KC) using a
multi-omics approach, with a focus on identifying key causal genes to address gaps
in understanding the disease's pathological mechanisms. An integrated multi-omics …
multi-omics approach, with a focus on identifying key causal genes to address gaps
in understanding the disease's pathological mechanisms. An integrated multi-omics …
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Progressive Keratoconus as a Complication of Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis: A Case Report
Z Cyžová, M Malušková, P Mlčák, P Hübnerová… - Ceska a slovenska …, 2026
Purpose Presentation of a case report demonstrating the complexity of care for a
patient with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), including the management of
complications such as corneal ulceration, development of keratoconus, corticosteroid-induced …
patient with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), including the management of
complications such as corneal ulceration, development of keratoconus, corticosteroid-induced …
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[PDF] Long Term Follow-up of Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in Pediatric Keratoconus
A Barbara - 2026
Purpose: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of epithelium-off corneal collagen
cross-linking using the Dresden protocol in pediatric keratoconus patients. Methods:
This retrospective case series included pediatric patients who underwent standard …
cross-linking using the Dresden protocol in pediatric keratoconus patients. Methods:
This retrospective case series included pediatric patients who underwent standard …
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[PDF] Late-Onset Stromal Scarring and Excessive Corneal Flattening After PRK–CXL in Keratoconus Suspects: A Report of Two Contralateral Case Variants
A Barbara - 2026
Purpose: To report two cases of late-onset central stromal scarring and marked
corneal flattening following combined photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and
corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) performed for keratoconus (KC) suspect …
corneal flattening following combined photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and
corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) performed for keratoconus (KC) suspect …
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[TXT] Journal of Clinical Medicine Article Impact of Cross-Linking Procedure on Perioperative Quality of Life in Keratoconus Patients
S Marx-Gross, A Kroell, D Wollschlaeger, AK Schuster…
… Keratoconus patients may use contact lenses to correct visual acuity, but in very …
Keratoconus patients often need rigid contact lenses for better and more distortion-free …
For control, we enrolled 37 eyes of 37 patients with a stabilized keratoconus. In the …
Keratoconus patients often need rigid contact lenses for better and more distortion-free …
For control, we enrolled 37 eyes of 37 patients with a stabilized keratoconus. In the …
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Features of using optimization algorithms for personalizing the geometric and biomechanical parameters of the cornea model
L Van Hoang - Izvestiya of Saratov University. Mathematics …, 2026
… properties in keratoconus and predicting treatment outcomes. A key limitation of
existing models is their reliance on averaged parameters, which fail to account for
individual patient variations and the presence/distribution of areas of reduced …
existing models is their reliance on averaged parameters, which fail to account for
individual patient variations and the presence/distribution of areas of reduced …
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Pediatric Keratoplasty: Indications, Techniques, and Long-term Outcomes
M Yıldırım, A Sönmez, K Kașali - Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus, 2026
… In the current study, the most frequent indication was keratoconus, accounting for
60% of cases. Graft survival rates in the literature have varied among … This study
demonstrates that keratoconus is the most common indication for keratoplasty in pediatric …
60% of cases. Graft survival rates in the literature have varied among … This study
demonstrates that keratoconus is the most common indication for keratoplasty in pediatric …
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[PDF] Re: Abdelmotaal et al: Artificial Intelligence—Derived Biomechanical Index for Early Corneal Ectasia Detection: Advancing Beyond Tomography
AS Roy - Ophthalmology Science, 2026
The recent study presented a new artificial intelligence (AI) model using custom-derived
image analytics parameters from the deformed cornea images captured by Corvis-ST.
1 The objective of this study was to differentiate between healthy, very asymmetric …
image analytics parameters from the deformed cornea images captured by Corvis-ST.
1 The objective of this study was to differentiate between healthy, very asymmetric …
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[HTML] The Role of Innervation in Ocular Surface Homeostasis, Tissue Remodeling Following Nerve Injury, and the Therapeutic Potential of Hemocomponents in Neuronal …
G Ferrari, S Odorici, M Menean, A Di Zazzo, P Versura… - Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2026
… in these processes, particularly in keratoconus and ocular cicatricial pemphigoid—two
paradigmatic disorders characterized by opposite patterns of tissue remodeling—as
well as stromal thinning in keratoconus and fibrotic matrix accumulation in ocular …
paradigmatic disorders characterized by opposite patterns of tissue remodeling—as
well as stromal thinning in keratoconus and fibrotic matrix accumulation in ocular …
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Nondestructive assessment of corneal biomechanics in a porcine model of keratoconus using optical coherence elastography
S Shajan, CZ Delgado, M Singh, SR Aglyamov… - Optical Elastography and …, 2026
Keratoconus is characterized by biomechanical weakening in the cornea, resulting
in thinning and reshaping of the corneal tissue. Tissue models for studying these
diseases have only been characterized morphologically, not mechanically. In this …
in thinning and reshaping of the corneal tissue. Tissue models for studying these
diseases have only been characterized morphologically, not mechanically. In this …
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The Crucial Role of Corneal Cross-Linking in Keratoconus Management
R Chatterjee
Conclusion Corneal cross-linking has transformed the treatment landscape for
Keratoconus, offering a safe and effective way to halt disease progression and
improve patient outcomes. With ongoing advancements in technology and research …
Keratoconus, offering a safe and effective way to halt disease progression and
improve patient outcomes. With ongoing advancements in technology and research …
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Nondestructive assessment of corneal biomechanics in a porcine model of keratoconus using optical coherence elastography
S Shajan, CZ Delgado, M Singh, SR Aglyamov… - Optical Elastography and …, 2026
Keratoconus is characterized by biomechanical weakening in the cornea, resulting
in thinning and reshaping of the corneal tissue. Tissue models for studying these
diseases have only been characterized morphologically, not mechanically. In this …
in thinning and reshaping of the corneal tissue. Tissue models for studying these
diseases have only been characterized morphologically, not mechanically. In this …
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The Crucial Role of Corneal Cross-Linking in Keratoconus Management
R Chatterjee
Conclusion Corneal cross-linking has transformed the treatment landscape for
Keratoconus, offering a safe and effective way to halt disease progression and
improve patient outcomes. With ongoing advancements in technology and research …
Keratoconus, offering a safe and effective way to halt disease progression and
improve patient outcomes. With ongoing advancements in technology and research …
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A novel parametric fluid-structure interaction simulation to study corneal biomechanics
E Redaelli, JS Birkenfeld - Optical Elastography and Tissue Biomechanics XIII, 2026
We present a novel, fully parametric 3D fluid–structure interaction (FSI) model
developed in COMSOL Multiphysics® to simulate the biomechanical response of the
eye to air puff deformation imaging. The framework allows systematic variation of air-puff …
developed in COMSOL Multiphysics® to simulate the biomechanical response of the
eye to air puff deformation imaging. The framework allows systematic variation of air-puff …
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Wide-field biometry of low-reflectance features beneath Bowman's layer using self-referenced OCT
M Ruggeri, NLV Truong, Y Tomioka, CP Rosas… - Ophthalmic Technologies …, 2026
We report the first in vivo wide-field OCT-based visualization and quantitative
mapping of a thin, low-reflectance layer beneath Bowman's layer, morphologically
consistent with the K-structures previously identified only by confocal microscopy …
mapping of a thin, low-reflectance layer beneath Bowman's layer, morphologically
consistent with the K-structures previously identified only by confocal microscopy …
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Advances in optical coherence elastography of ocular tissues
Z Chen - Optical Elastography and Tissue Biomechanics XIII, 2026
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) has emerged as a powerful, non-invasive
technique for mapping tissue biomechanics with micrometer-scale resolution.
Recent advances by our group enable high-resolution assessment of ocular tissues—including …
technique for mapping tissue biomechanics with micrometer-scale resolution.
Recent advances by our group enable high-resolution assessment of ocular tissues—including …
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Evaluating the impact of crosslinking on corneal collagen network using polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography
P Sawyers, M Kropatsch, M Boutkhil, A Wilson… - Polarized Light and Optical …, 2026
Keratoconus is a condition where the spherical surface of the cornea thins and
begins to deform into a shape more resemblant to a cone. Corneal crosslinking,
where riboflavin and focused UV light are used to strengthen the bonds between the …
begins to deform into a shape more resemblant to a cone. Corneal crosslinking,
where riboflavin and focused UV light are used to strengthen the bonds between the …
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Evaluation of corneal biomechanical anisotropy and local collagenase-induced softening using cross-meridian air-puff OCT
JS Birkenfeld, A Varea, JA Germann, A Curatolo… - Optical Elastography and …, 2026
The cornea's biomechanical properties are essential for preserving ocular shape
and function and are disrupted in diseases like keratoconus. We evaluated regional
biomechanical changes in porcine eyes treated with localized collagenase to induce …
and function and are disrupted in diseases like keratoconus. We evaluated regional
biomechanical changes in porcine eyes treated with localized collagenase to induce …
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Comparing the time-dependent biomechanical behavior of ex-vivo porcine corneas under cross-linking treatment using wave-based optical coherence elastography
C Bocanegra, A Cifuentes, E Suarez, F Zvietcovich - Optical Elastography and Tissue …, 2026
Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) is a fundamental treatment to halt the
progression of keratoconus. Several accelerated CXL protocols are available,
ensuring the cornea receives a consistent UV-light dose of 5.4 J/cm 2 by …
progression of keratoconus. Several accelerated CXL protocols are available,
ensuring the cornea receives a consistent UV-light dose of 5.4 J/cm 2 by …
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[HTML] Topical Losartan to Prevent Stromal Scarring During Post-Cross-Linking Infection in Pediatric Keratoconus: A Case Report
F Barzaghi, M Kronschläger, S Amir-Asgari, O Findl - American Journal of …, 2026
… A 14-year-old male was referred for evaluation of suspected advanced bilateral
keratoconus. According to the ABCD grading system, both … The patient had no
prior history of contact lens wear, as keratoconus had remained undiagnosed until …
keratoconus. According to the ABCD grading system, both … The patient had no
prior history of contact lens wear, as keratoconus had remained undiagnosed until …
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Corneal Epithelial Mapping as a Biomarker After Accelerated Corneal Cross-Linking for Keratoconus
S Rattan, AA Jawad - 2026
purpose: To evaluate regional corneal epithelial remodeling following accelerated
corneal cross-linking (CXL) in progressive keratoconus using anterior segment
optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and to correlate these changes with …
corneal cross-linking (CXL) in progressive keratoconus using anterior segment
optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and to correlate these changes with …
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Brillouin microscopy and optical coherence elastography reveal the role of collagen XIV in corneal stiffness
SS Fard, A Singh, M Singh, AW Schill, SR Aglyamov… - Optical Elastography and …, 2026
The mechanical properties of the cornea play a vital role in understanding and
characterizing its structure, function, and contribution to overall ocular health.
Different ocular treatments and pathologies, such as corneal collagen cross-linking …
characterizing its structure, function, and contribution to overall ocular health.
Different ocular treatments and pathologies, such as corneal collagen cross-linking …
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Estimation of the biomechanical properties of ex-vivo porcine cornea and lens using air-coupled ultrasonic optical coherence elastography
C Zevallos-Delgado, H Chawla, M Singh, G Scarcelli… - Optical Elastography and …, 2026
The biomechanical properties of ocular tissues are critical for their function and can
be significantly altered in various diseases such as keratoconus or cataract. The
simultaneous assessment of cornea and crystalline lens stiffness can provide a …
be significantly altered in various diseases such as keratoconus or cataract. The
simultaneous assessment of cornea and crystalline lens stiffness can provide a …
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[PDF] Visual Recovery with Cryopreserved Amniotic Membrane After Epi-Off Corneal Cross-Linking in Keratoconus Patients: A Non-Randomized, Controlled, Retrospective …
M Rosetta, R Gupta - Clinical Ophthalmology, 2026
Background This study assessed whether application of cryopreserved amniotic
membrane (AM) improves recovery after collagen cross-linking (CXL) using the
Dresden protocol in patients with progressive keratoconus. Methods This single-centre …
membrane (AM) improves recovery after collagen cross-linking (CXL) using the
Dresden protocol in patients with progressive keratoconus. Methods This single-centre …
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[PDF] Efficacy of pulsed light accelerated epithelium-off cross-linking in management of keratoconus
R Thabet, M Abdel-Radi, A Mohamed, M Mostafa
… an established intervention for halting keratoconus progression. Accelerated
protocols … keratoconus, and to assess the stromal demarcation line as an indicator
of treatment penetration. Methods: This prospective interventional case-series study …
protocols … keratoconus, and to assess the stromal demarcation line as an indicator
of treatment penetration. Methods: This prospective interventional case-series study …
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KK Solievich - Galaxy International Interdisciplinary Research Journal
… of families with keratoconus: an association of the VSX1, miR-184, DOCK9, SOD1
genes with the risk of developing keratoconus has been … as a promising
technology that would slow down or stop the progression of keratoconus [3]. At the …
genes with the risk of developing keratoconus has been … as a promising
technology that would slow down or stop the progression of keratoconus [3]. At the …
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[HTML] Intracameral perfluoropropane for the management of acute hydrops following keratoconus recurrence in a corneal graft
R Arora, A Sanoria, R Shroff, P Gupta, A Aggarwal - Oman Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
… Keratoconus is an axial corneal ectasia of obscure etiology. It has been
associated with … We report the two cases of hydrops postkeratoplasty in a
keratoconus patient successfully … We herein, report hitherto two cases of …
associated with … We report the two cases of hydrops postkeratoplasty in a
keratoconus patient successfully … We herein, report hitherto two cases of …
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[HTML] Innovative combined intrastromal corneal ring graft and transPRK for advanced keratoconus: multicase report
K Jadidi, JL Alió, SA Mosavi, JLA del Barrio, F Karimi - JCRS Online Case Reports, 2026
… This case series highlights a novel treatment approach combining intrastromal
corneal ring graft (RinGraft) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (transPRK),
offering a promising alternative for improving outcomes in advanced keratoconus (KC) …
corneal ring graft (RinGraft) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (transPRK),
offering a promising alternative for improving outcomes in advanced keratoconus (KC) …
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Efficient Keratoconus Classification Using Quantized Grayscale Tomography and a Lightweight CNN
AT Alqazaz, MAM Abdullah, BA Saeed - 2025 2nd Beyond Technology Summit on …, 2025
… and the most effective depth for diagnosis Keratoconus. To the best of our
knowledge, this work is the first work that used a low depth gray images to diagnose
Keratoconus. The rest of this paper is structured as follows. Section II provides a …
knowledge, this work is the first work that used a low depth gray images to diagnose
Keratoconus. The rest of this paper is structured as follows. Section II provides a …
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A View of Cornea Transplantation From the Patient's Perspective
M Yildirim, S Keleş, Ş Kaplan, AN Sharif - Transplantation Proceedings, 2026… In a similar study conducted by et al., the group with bullous keratopathy was
reported as the least satisfied group, and the patients with keratoconus were
reported as the most contented group [5]. In our study, the group with keratoconus …
reported as the least satisfied group, and the patients with keratoconus were
reported as the most contented group [5]. In our study, the group with keratoconus …
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[PDF] Management of Keratoconus–Current perspective in this era: A review article
MA Ozir, SE Hashim, MH Nordin, S Norizan… - Indian Journal of Clinical …, 2026
This review aims to provide an updated overview of keratoconus management. The
objectives are:(1) to explain diagnostic classifications,(2) to discuss conservative
and surgical treatments, and (3) to summarize new and emerging therapies …
objectives are:(1) to explain diagnostic classifications,(2) to discuss conservative
and surgical treatments, and (3) to summarize new and emerging therapies …
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Corneal biomechanical and tomographic outcomes following accelerated cross-linking in keratoconus: a focus on cone localization
Y Asfuroğlu, EE Karaca, DM Ulusoy, ÖE Kemer - Japanese journal of ophthalmology, 2026
… This study included 68 eyes of 68 patients with progressive keratoconus. Based
on cone location, the patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (central cone;
34 eyes) and group 2 (paracentral cone; 34 eyes). Scheimpflug imaging was used to …
on cone location, the patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (central cone;
34 eyes) and group 2 (paracentral cone; 34 eyes). Scheimpflug imaging was used to …
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Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest
D Wasilewski, GHR Mello, H Moreira
… Patel et al5,6 reported that despite lower corneal nerve density found in
keratoconus patients, there was no significant difference in the corneal sensation
between normal and noncontact lens keratoconic corneas. 3. There are no …
keratoconus patients, there was no significant difference in the corneal sensation
between normal and noncontact lens keratoconic corneas. 3. There are no …
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[PDF] Heterozygous Zinc Finger 469 Gene Changes Contribute to Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Hypermobile Type
GN Wilson - 2026
… Brittle cornea syndrome shares an asthenic (Marfanoid) habitus, joint laxity,
scoliosis, unusual scarring, and mitral valve prolapse with EDS but includes severe
corneal fragility that leads to keratoconus and blindness [16,17]. Hypothesis that one-copy …
scoliosis, unusual scarring, and mitral valve prolapse with EDS but includes severe
corneal fragility that leads to keratoconus and blindness [16,17]. Hypothesis that one-copy …
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Sexual dimorphism in keratoconus: transcriptomic and hormonal mechanisms underlying stromal remodelling
Y Sun, Q Li, X Wu, X Yu, R Wang, B Sun, K Wang, Y Yu… - Eye and vision (London …, 2026
Background Keratoconus (KC) is a vision-threatening condition with a higher
prevalence and earlier onset in males than in females. The study aims to investigate
sex-associated transcriptomic features of KC and assess whether sex hormones …
prevalence and earlier onset in males than in females. The study aims to investigate
sex-associated transcriptomic features of KC and assess whether sex hormones …
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The Critical Role of Oxygen Supplementation in Epithelium-On Corneal Cross-Linking: A Narrative Review
CJ Rapuano, KA Beckman, R Rajpal - Advances in therapy, 2026
… Keratoconus is a progressive corneal disorder characterized by thinning and
steepening of the cornea, leading to visual impairment and … Oxygen-enriched
epithelium-on cross-linking is poised to emerge as a mainstay therapy for …
steepening of the cornea, leading to visual impairment and … Oxygen-enriched
epithelium-on cross-linking is poised to emerge as a mainstay therapy for …
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[PDF] Perceptions of optometry coordinators on eye care services in public hospitals of Limpopo province
MM Leshabane, N Rampersad, KP Mashige - African Vision and Eye Health, 2026
… '… There is no hospital that offers low vision rehabilitation and/or keratoconus
services in our district … We refer low vision cases to a … services such as low
vision care, orthoptics vision therapy and keratoconus management. Similar findings …
services in our district … We refer low vision cases to a … services such as low
vision care, orthoptics vision therapy and keratoconus management. Similar findings …
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Consent, GA, Mega, Footer
PN Nocere, VV Freedom
… French investigators have found that persistent eye rubbing exhibits addictive-like
cognitive and behavioural traits in individuals suffering from keratoconus (KC) or
ocular … The correlation between keratoconus and eye rubbing: a review. Int J …
cognitive and behavioural traits in individuals suffering from keratoconus (KC) or
ocular … The correlation between keratoconus and eye rubbing: a review. Int J …
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[HTML] Incidence of Stromal Rejection in Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty in North Eye Center/Erbil
MF Shaheen, NH Abdulrahman - AMJ (Advanced Medical Journal), 2026
Background and objectives: Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty has emerged as a
preferred surgical option for corneal diseases, with its primary advantage being the
preservation of endothelial cell density, thus reducing the risk of endothelial graft …
preferred surgical option for corneal diseases, with its primary advantage being the
preservation of endothelial cell density, thus reducing the risk of endothelial graft …
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[HTML] A Newborn With Down–Klinefelter Syndrome and Bilateral Congenital Cataracts Harboring a Novel MAPKAPK3 Mutation
N Arias-González, DA Balikov, M Ciccioli, CI Negron… - Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases
Purpose: To report a rare case of Down–Klinefelter syndrome associated with
bilateral congenital posterior polar cataracts and a novel MAPKAPK3 gene mutation.
Methods: A single case was reviewed. Results: A 2-month-old male neonate …
bilateral congenital posterior polar cataracts and a novel MAPKAPK3 gene mutation.
Methods: A single case was reviewed. Results: A 2-month-old male neonate …
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[PDF] Use of medical filter lenses in visual rehabilitation
ML Matsuhara
Medical filter lenses have emerged as an important resource in visual rehabilitation
owing to their ability to block specific bands of the visible spectrum, thereby reducing
discomfort and improving visual performance. Their application has demonstrated …
owing to their ability to block specific bands of the visible spectrum, thereby reducing
discomfort and improving visual performance. Their application has demonstrated …
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[HTML] The Lid Wiper Effect on Corneal Epithelial Thickness Pattern in Healthy Eyes as Characterized by Zernike Analysis
H Yazbeck, JF Assaf, J Hong, Y Li, D Huang - Ophthalmology Science
… diagnosis, screening and monitoring of corneal pathologies that involve the
epithelium, such as keratoconus 10–12 and dry eye disease 13–15 . … Subclinical
keratoconus detection by pattern analysis of corneal and epithelial thickness maps …
epithelium, such as keratoconus 10–12 and dry eye disease 13–15 . … Subclinical
keratoconus detection by pattern analysis of corneal and epithelial thickness maps …
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[HTML] Regulating AI-Driven Triage: Fundamental Rights and Compliance Challenges in the European Union
G Lazcoz, J Maiora, Í de Miguel, B Sanz - AI, 2026
… In ophthalmology, AI is a promising triage tool for detecting keratoconus, a
progressive corneal disorder [9]. The COVID-19 outbreak also highlighted AI's
potential for forecasting disease severity and for early triage [10]. ML classifiers …
progressive corneal disorder [9]. The COVID-19 outbreak also highlighted AI's
potential for forecasting disease severity and for early triage [10]. ML classifiers …
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[PDF] Bibliometric analysis of top 100 systematic reviews and meta-analysis in ophthalmology literature
DC Amaral, RDF Reis, PLM Magalhães, L Cheidde…
Vision impairment affects more than 2.2 billion people worldwide, underscoring the
need for evidence-based guidance in ophthalmology. This bibliometric analysis
mapped the 100 most-cited systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the field to …
need for evidence-based guidance in ophthalmology. This bibliometric analysis
mapped the 100 most-cited systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the field to …
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Tumbling-hand optotype: a novel gesture-based tool for visual acuity assessment in neurodivergent populations
JC Costa, DL Pinto, MT Oliveira - Rev. bras. oftalmol., 2026
Objective: This study aimed to validate the psychometric properties, feasibility, and
clinical utility of the Tumbling-Hand test. Methods: The validation process involved
two phases. In neurotypical participants, VA thresholds of the Tumbling-Hand test …
clinical utility of the Tumbling-Hand test. Methods: The validation process involved
two phases. In neurotypical participants, VA thresholds of the Tumbling-Hand test …
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[PDF] Supplementary guide on diagnostic criteria, severity assessment tools and mitigation strategies for common triggers
AD Mild, AD Moderate, AD Severe
Extreme hot, cold or dry weather conditions creates a U-shaped curve linking
temperature extremes to increased AD risk. 13 Extreme cold and dry conditions
triggers an inflammatory response cascade, while hot weather with or without …
temperature extremes to increased AD risk. 13 Extreme cold and dry conditions
triggers an inflammatory response cascade, while hot weather with or without …
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[HTML] Unravelling the Contribution of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 Genotype-Phenotype to Pterygium Risk
HC CHEN, NYI HSIA, CLIN TSAI, TEC HSIA, PEIS HU… - Cancer Genomics & …, 2026
Background/Aim: Pterygium is a fibrovascular ocular disease characterized by
extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), a key
ECM-modulating enzyme, has been implicated to involved in pterygium progression …
extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), a key
ECM-modulating enzyme, has been implicated to involved in pterygium progression …
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… TPGS-enhanced riboflavin accelerated transepithelial cross-linking versus accelerated epithelium-off protocol in progressive keratoconus: a prospective randomized …
P Jain, P Rangari, P Dutta, A Pradhan - International ophthalmology, 2026
Purpose To compare the efficacy and safety of accelerated transepithelial (epi-on)
corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) using a Vitamin E D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene
glycol succinate (TPGS)-enhanced riboflavin formulation with an accelerated …
corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) using a Vitamin E D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene
glycol succinate (TPGS)-enhanced riboflavin formulation with an accelerated …
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[PDF] A comparison of visual outcomes of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty versus penetrating keratoplasty of keratoconus patients in two major corneal centres in …
YP Lai, R Alias, S Retnasabapathy - Malaysian Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
Purpose: We conducted a retrospective study of keratoconus patients who
underwent either penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) or deep anterior lamellar
keratoplasty (DALK) in Malaysia from 2014 to 2018 to compare refractive and visual …
underwent either penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) or deep anterior lamellar
keratoplasty (DALK) in Malaysia from 2014 to 2018 to compare refractive and visual …
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[HTML] Imbalance of Pro-Oxidant and Anti-Oxidant Biomarkers in Patients with Keratoconus
AP Nicula, CA Nicula, D Nicula, KU Horvath, CM Mîrza… - Antioxidants, 2026
… Our results demonstrated that keratoconus is associated with systemic oxidative
stress. The consistent and statistically significant differences … the observed
differences in the oxidative stress profiles are unlikely to be explained by age alone …
stress. The consistent and statistically significant differences … the observed
differences in the oxidative stress profiles are unlikely to be explained by age alone …
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[HTML] Comparative Outcomes and Indications of Phakic Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) Exchange or Explantation in Keratoconus versus Non-Ectatic Eyes at a Tertiary …
IH Sachit, MH Jaaz, AA Fahad - Ukrainian Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
Objective: This study aimed to compare the indications, timing, and clinical
outcomes of phakic implantable collamer lens (ICL) exchange or explantation
between eyes with keratoconus and eyes without keratoconus or other corneal …
outcomes of phakic implantable collamer lens (ICL) exchange or explantation
between eyes with keratoconus and eyes without keratoconus or other corneal …
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[HTML] Adaptive Temporal Mixture of Experts for Predicting Stiffness Metrics from the Ocular Response Analyzer and Identifying Keratoconus: Stiffness Estimates from Ocular …
Y Zhang, S Padhee, PT Yuhas, CJ Roberts… - American Journal of …
… Predicted ORA stiffness estimates were independently validated with a separate
dataset of keratoconus and healthy eyes. The ORA waveform parameters, as well as
applanation and pressure signals, were used as input to the machine learning …
dataset of keratoconus and healthy eyes. The ORA waveform parameters, as well as
applanation and pressure signals, were used as input to the machine learning …
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Complications of corneal crosslinking: What can go wrong?
I Korkmaz, M Palamar - Survey of Ophthalmology, 2026
Corneal cross-linking (CXL) is a widely used treatment that is effective in halting the
progression of corneal ectasias. Although its therapeutic efficacy is well established,
various short- and long-term complications following CXL have been reported. We …
progression of corneal ectasias. Although its therapeutic efficacy is well established,
various short- and long-term complications following CXL have been reported. We …
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[HTML] Long‐Term Graft Survival and Visual Outcomes in Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK): A Narrative Review
S Ghafarian, EH Koo - Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
… Australian Corneal Graft Registry further demonstrated a progressive decline in PK
graft survival for keratoconus, from 89% at 10 years to 49% at 20 years, and just 17%
at 23 years, highlighting the impact of progressive endothelial cell loss over time [63]. …
graft survival for keratoconus, from 89% at 10 years to 49% at 20 years, and just 17%
at 23 years, highlighting the impact of progressive endothelial cell loss over time [63]. …
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[PDF] Visual Recovery with Cryopreserved Amniotic Membrane After Epi-Off Corneal Cross-Linking in Keratoconus Patients: A Non-Randomized, Controlled, Retrospective …
M Rosetta, R Gupta - Clinical Ophthalmology, 2026
Background This study assessed whether application of cryopreserved amniotic
membrane (AM) improves recovery after collagen cross-linking (CXL) using the
Dresden protocol in patients with progressive keratoconus. Methods This single-centre …
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[PDF] Efficacy of pulsed light accelerated epithelium-off cross-linking in management of keratoconus
R Thabet, M Abdel-Radi, A Mohamed, M Mostafa
… an established intervention for halting keratoconus progression. Accelerated
protocols … keratoconus, and to assess the stromal demarcation line as an indicator
of treatment penetration. Methods: This prospective interventional case-series study …
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[HTML] Topical Losartan to Prevent Stromal Scarring During Post-Cross-Linking Infection in Pediatric Keratoconus: A Case Report
F Barzaghi, M Kronschläger, S Amir-Asgari, O Findl - American Journal of …, 2026… A 14-year-old male was referred for evaluation of suspected advanced bilateral
keratoconus. According to the ABCD grading system, both … The patient had no
prior history of contact lens wear, as keratoconus had remained undiagnosed until …
Corneal Epithelial Mapping as a Biomarker After Accelerated Corneal Cross-Linking for Keratoconus
S Rattan, AA Jawad - 2026purpose: To evaluate regional corneal epithelial remodeling following accelerated
corneal cross-linking (CXL) in progressive keratoconus using anterior segment
optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and to correlate these changes with …
[HTML] Influence of inflammatory and metabolic factors on keratoconus risk: a causal inference analysis
PG Hysi, AJ Hardcastle, AE Davidson… - Eye, 2026
… Our results confirm a higher risk of keratoconus in patients having any atopic
disease (OR = 1.84, 95%CI = 1.52–2.22), but also other chronic inflammatory
conditions such … Also, higher glucose levels considerably reduced keratoconus …
disease (OR = 1.84, 95%CI = 1.52–2.22), but also other chronic inflammatory
conditions such … Also, higher glucose levels considerably reduced keratoconus …
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Early-stage keratoconus in a case of oculodentodigital dysplasia
M Paredes-Hernández, J Ghiringhelli, N Ruiz-Quintero - Archivos de la Sociedad …, 2026
… Alteration of Cx43 has been associated with an increased risk of developing
keratoconus. Keratoconus is a bilateral multifactorial corneal … Several systemic
conditions associated with connective tissue hyperlaxity and collagen abnormalities …
keratoconus. Keratoconus is a bilateral multifactorial corneal … Several systemic
conditions associated with connective tissue hyperlaxity and collagen abnormalities …
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Novel insights into the efficacy of Itone Vs. Hylo eye drops in tear film instability of keratoconus
KA Kullachi, HUE Ammara, MH Jamil, K Rafique… - Rawal Medical Journal, 2026
… herbal eye drops compared to Hylo eye drops in increasing the tear film stability
of patients with mild to moderate cases of Keratoconus. … mild to moderate severity
of keratoconus (K readings: 48–54 D) aged 15–35 years. Patients with severe …
of patients with mild to moderate cases of Keratoconus. … mild to moderate severity
of keratoconus (K readings: 48–54 D) aged 15–35 years. Patients with severe …
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Clinical Translation of Dynamic OCE for Corneal Biomechanical Assessment
SSC Duvvuri - 2025
… anisotropy in astigmatism and 2) mapping biomechanical heterogeneity in
keratoconus. Results: Air-pulse generated broadband, high-… In keratoconus, aRLW-speeds
were lowest in the steeper-cone region (8.55±1.51 m/s) compared with the apex (10.83±1.34 …
keratoconus. Results: Air-pulse generated broadband, high-… In keratoconus, aRLW-speeds
were lowest in the steeper-cone region (8.55±1.51 m/s) compared with the apex (10.83±1.34 …
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[HTML] Ophthalmic screening in down syndrome: A DSMIG UK Best practice recommendation (Revised 2025)
G Riding, G Croft, S Jain - Eye, 2026
… Keratoconus onset is often in adolescence or early adulthood and there are wide-ranging
prevalence estimates, although most studies suggest rates around 20–30%[9, 10].
Most of these disorders are a significant cause of preventable secondary disability at …
prevalence estimates, although most studies suggest rates around 20–30%[9, 10].
Most of these disorders are a significant cause of preventable secondary disability at …
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[HTML] Sectoral and Layer-Specific Corneal Thinning in Thyroid Eye Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
YM Chang, TH Weng, SI Pao, TY Lin, MC Tai… - Translational Vision Science …, 2026
Purpose: Corneal thickness in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) and the layer
or specific region of the cornea primarily affected by corneal thickness changes
remain unclear. This study aimed to examine and compare the differences in …
or specific region of the cornea primarily affected by corneal thickness changes
remain unclear. This study aimed to examine and compare the differences in …
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Scleral Collagen Cross Linkage
ZHAQ YASIR - 2026
For decades, corneal cross-linking has successfully stabilized keratoconus, but the
next frontier of ocular structural stability lies deeper. As diseases linked with scleral
biomechanical properties are surging worldwide, the need for a therapy to …
next frontier of ocular structural stability lies deeper. As diseases linked with scleral
biomechanical properties are surging worldwide, the need for a therapy to …
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Same-day complete suture removal after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for keratoconus: a comparative retrospective study
SH Alenezi, A Alfarhan, S Alshahrani - Expert Review of Ophthalmology, 2026
Background Despite good graft integrity, post-keratoplasty astigmatism can
significantly limit visual acuity and quality of vision. Standard practice typically
removes only one to two sutures per visit, prolonging visual rehabilitation and …
significantly limit visual acuity and quality of vision. Standard practice typically
removes only one to two sutures per visit, prolonging visual rehabilitation and …
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OCT Radiomics and Machine Learning Enable Accurate Detection of Forme Fruste Keratoconus
S Luo, X Li, K Lin, F Bao, S Chen, F Lu, J Wang - American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026
… of corneal OCT images combined with machine learning enables accurate FFKC
detection using a single imaging device, providing diagnostic information beyond
conventional morphological assessment and suggesting a potential imaging …
detection using a single imaging device, providing diagnostic information beyond
conventional morphological assessment and suggesting a potential imaging …
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Comparison of epithelium-off versus iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking in keratoconus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
TS Alajmi, FF Alasmari, TF Alasmari, A Bamusa… - International Ophthalmology, 2026
… Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectasia characterized by stromal thinning
and protrusion, leading to irregular astigmatism and visual impairment. To mitigate
these issues, iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking (I-CXL) …
and protrusion, leading to irregular astigmatism and visual impairment. To mitigate
these issues, iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking (I-CXL) …
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Predicting Early Keratoconus Progression Using Biomechanics via Multi-Machine Learning: A Multicenter 2-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Y Huo, R Xie, Z Qu, Y Li, S Wang, J Li, J Hou, H Zou… - Clinical & experimental …
Background This study aimed to develop and validate a biomechanical early
progression index (BEPI) based on machine learning algorithms, intended to predict
early keratoconus progression at the first visit. Methods This multicenter prospective …
progression index (BEPI) based on machine learning algorithms, intended to predict
early keratoconus progression at the first visit. Methods This multicenter prospective …
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[PDF] Long-Term Effects of Gas Permeable Contact Lens Wear on Corneal Endothelium in Kera-toconus: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
M Kashif, KH Sam - EC Ophthalmology, 2026
… Results The study included 50 keratoconus patients with contact lens wear and
50 keratoconus controls without contact lens wear, with comparable demographic
characteristics between the two groups. The mean age of contact lens wearers was …
50 keratoconus controls without contact lens wear, with comparable demographic
characteristics between the two groups. The mean age of contact lens wearers was …
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[HTML] Two-to-three-year effectiveness and safety of nurse-led accelerated corneal crosslinking for progressive keratoconus: The Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre Study
M Khan, R Sahota, J Hanson, Y Cabdi, M Bourlaki… - Eye Open, 2026
… in addressing the increased service demand for keratoconus management and
preserving the vision of patients with keratoconus. … For example, several nurse-led
and optometrist-led keratoconus services have been established to assess and …
preserving the vision of patients with keratoconus. … For example, several nurse-led
and optometrist-led keratoconus services have been established to assess and …
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[HTML] When stress meets keratoconus: Bilateral central serous chorioretinopathy
C Bardi, G Halfi, Y Akannour, E Abdallah - Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and …, 2026
… of bilateral keratoconus likely triggered CSC. While no direct pathophysiological
relationship exists between keratoconus and CSC, their coexistence complicates
visual assessment, highlighting the need to carefully evaluate the macula in …
relationship exists between keratoconus and CSC, their coexistence complicates
visual assessment, highlighting the need to carefully evaluate the macula in …
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[HTML] Multimodal imaging of isotretinoin-induced retinal pigment epithelium atrophy and keratoconus
P Sankhe, AS Nene, S Shah, OH Pirdankar - Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and …, 2026
Isotretinoin is a US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for the
management of acne vulgaris. However, it is associated with various ophthalmic
side effects. Herein, we report a case of a 31-year-old female presenting with …
management of acne vulgaris. However, it is associated with various ophthalmic
side effects. Herein, we report a case of a 31-year-old female presenting with …
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Preliminary digital twin model for predicting big bubble formation in deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty
G Visioli - 2026
… Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on a dataset of patients with
keratoconus who underwent DALK. Preoperative tomographic, topographic, and AS-OCT
parameters were analyzed using logistic regression and a Random Forest (RF) …
keratoconus who underwent DALK. Preoperative tomographic, topographic, and AS-OCT
parameters were analyzed using logistic regression and a Random Forest (RF) …
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[PDF] Changing Strategies in Keratoplasty After Corneal Hydrops: From Penetrating to Lamellar Approaches–A Narrative Review
R Fairaq, O Kirat, M AlMutlak, MA Ahad, O Khan… - Clinical Ophthalmology, 2026
The hallmark of acute corneal hydrops (CH) is Descemet membrane (DM) rupture
that leads to the influx of fluid into the cornea causing corneal edema. Multiple risk
factors have been related to an increased incidence of CH in keratoconus (KC) …
that leads to the influx of fluid into the cornea causing corneal edema. Multiple risk
factors have been related to an increased incidence of CH in keratoconus (KC) …
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[HTML] AI-Based Personalized Correction for Refractive Errors through Integration with Refractive Surgery
X Li - Proceedings of the 2025 2nd International Conference …, 2025
… OCT, and Scheimpflug photography to detect early changes related to
keratoconus, uneven corneal thickness, and other risk factors for … In keratoconus
diagnoses, algorithms using topography and tomography, including devices such as …
keratoconus, uneven corneal thickness, and other risk factors for … In keratoconus
diagnoses, algorithms using topography and tomography, including devices such as …
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Modern lifestyles, new ocular diseases: The evolving agenda of clinical ophthalmology in 2026
RS Joshi - Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and Research, 2026
As we enter 2026, ophthalmology stands at a pivotal moment in its evolution. While
surgical techniques, imaging modalities, and diagnostic precision continue to
advance, the most profound changes in eye health are being shaped not inside …
surgical techniques, imaging modalities, and diagnostic precision continue to
advance, the most profound changes in eye health are being shaped not inside …
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Vertical Tarsal Plate Buckling Following Conjunctival Mullerectomy: An Unusual Complication
M Cale, CT Brian, TT David - Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 2026
DISCUSSION We describe bilateral upper eyelid vertical tarsal kinking following
CMMR—a complication that has not previously been reported. We believe that the
patient's unrecognized floppy eyelids and lateral canthal tendon disinsertion …
CMMR—a complication that has not previously been reported. We believe that the
patient's unrecognized floppy eyelids and lateral canthal tendon disinsertion …
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[HTML] ABCC6 Heterozygosity as Genetic Predisposition to Cerebrovascular Disease Across Ages
G Amico, M Severino, M Bertamino, R Pascarella… - Genes, 2026
Background: Heterozygosity for pathogenic variants in the ABCC6 gene has been
associated with an increased incidence of cerebrovascular diseases. This study
aims to characterize the prevalence and clinical and neuroradiological phenotypes …
associated with an increased incidence of cerebrovascular diseases. This study
aims to characterize the prevalence and clinical and neuroradiological phenotypes …
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[HTML] Outcome of keratoplasty in India over the last decade: A systematic review and meta-analysis
NI Tamboli, RS Joshi - Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and Research, 2026
Corneal blindness remains a major cause of visual impairment in India, and
keratoplasty is the definitive treatment for many corneal pathologies, though
outcomes vary by indication and surgical technique. This systematic review and meta-analysis …
keratoplasty is the definitive treatment for many corneal pathologies, though
outcomes vary by indication and surgical technique. This systematic review and meta-analysis …
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Texture-based Analysis of Corneal Dynamics for the Detection of Forme Fruste Keratoconus
S Luo, K Lin, X Li, X Zhang, L He, A Elsheikh, F Bao… - Journal of Refractive …, 2026
Purpose: To propose CVS-omics, a radiomics framework using Corvis ST (CVS) (Oculus
Optikgeräte GmbH) imaging and machine learning, for precise identification of forme
fruste keratoconus (FFKC), a subtle corneal condition often undetected by …
Optikgeräte GmbH) imaging and machine learning, for precise identification of forme
fruste keratoconus (FFKC), a subtle corneal condition often undetected by …
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[PDF] Advancing subclinical keratoconus detection using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography and artificial intelligence
RP Patil, R Narasimhan, A Pisharody, R Shetty… - Biophotonics Discovery, 2026
Significance Early detection of keratoconus (KC), a progressive corneal disorder,
remains a major clinical challenge. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence
tomography (PS-OCT) is an advanced imaging technique that can quantify corneal …
remains a major clinical challenge. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence
tomography (PS-OCT) is an advanced imaging technique that can quantify corneal …
| | | |
Corneal collagen cross-linking at diagnosis in pediatric keratoconus: A prospective study from the Indian Subcontinent
R Arora, P Jain, T Garg - Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
… Performing CXL at diagnosis is safe and effective in halting pediatric keratoconus
progression while improving visual and refractive outcomes. Early treatment is
particularly relevant for high-risk ethnic groups such as Indian children, where …
progression while improving visual and refractive outcomes. Early treatment is
particularly relevant for high-risk ethnic groups such as Indian children, where …
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Evaluation of a comatic aberration-based nomogram for symmetrical intracorneal ring segment implantation in keratoconus
N Mechleb, C Panthier, F Fabro, S Elahi, S Stephan… - Canadian Journal of …
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term results of a comatic
aberration-based nomogram of intrastromal corneal ring segments in different
keratoconus patterns and stages. Setting Hospital Foundation Adolphe de …
aberration-based nomogram of intrastromal corneal ring segments in different
keratoconus patterns and stages. Setting Hospital Foundation Adolphe de …
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Early Biocompatibility Following Xenogeneic Intrastromal Implantation of Excimer Laser–Reshaped Micro-concave Lenticules Derived From Human KLEx
S Liang, S Cheng, B Mei, Z Meng, C Zhou - Journal of Refractive Surgery, 2026
… contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the feasibility of using
reshaped stromal lenticules for potential human applications in correcting low
myopia when corneal thickness or irregular morphology limits conventional …
reshaped stromal lenticules for potential human applications in correcting low
myopia when corneal thickness or irregular morphology limits conventional …
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Association of Big Five Inventory Personality Traits With Postoperative Satisfaction and Visual Quality Following Corneal Refractive Surgery
S Chandran, M Kaur, JS Titiyal, N Kumar, R Sinha - Journal of Refractive Surgery, 2026
… Corneal tomography was performed to rule out forme fruste keratoconus. Ray-tracing
aberrometry (iTRACE; Tracey Technologies) was used to assess Strehl ratio,
modulation transfer function (MTF), and higher order aberrations (HOAs). Dry eye …
aberrometry (iTRACE; Tracey Technologies) was used to assess Strehl ratio,
modulation transfer function (MTF), and higher order aberrations (HOAs). Dry eye …
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[HTML] Therapeutic Outcomes of Three Surgical Approaches for Acute Corneal Hydrops
J Bai, S Li, C Liu, L Li, L Zhao, Z Dou - Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2026
… The longest follow-up time after CSAI in this study was two years, during which no
recurrence of progression or keratoconus was observed. … after edema resolution,
decline further surgical intervention, and show no evidence of rapid keratoconus …
recurrence of progression or keratoconus was observed. … after edema resolution,
decline further surgical intervention, and show no evidence of rapid keratoconus …
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Decreased Corneal Biomechanical Stability and Structural Integrity in PPAR-α Knockout Mice
C Zhu, H He, H Yan, A Liu, M Liang, R Zong, B Liu… - Experimental Eye Research, 2026
Recent evidence indicates that inflammatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes play
a vital role in the development of biomechanical failure in the cornea. Previous
studies have shown that inflammatory cascades could be inhibited by peroxisome …
a vital role in the development of biomechanical failure in the cornea. Previous
studies have shown that inflammatory cascades could be inhibited by peroxisome …
| | | |
Illusions
L Skorin, Z Dwyer - Charles Bonnet Syndrome and Other Visual …
… Corneal structural diseases such as keratoconus which may induce irregular
astigmatism and Fuchs' corneal endothelial dystrophy which … Corneal cross-linking
can be performed to slow or halt the progression of keratoconus.Cataracts can be …
astigmatism and Fuchs' corneal endothelial dystrophy which … Corneal cross-linking
can be performed to slow or halt the progression of keratoconus.Cataracts can be …
| | | |
Enhancing eye care training: a comprehensive rubric for retinoscopy
VK Yelagondula, S Dutta, M Rizwan, S Madhukuri… - Clinical and Experimental …, 2026
… These include the application of rubrics in specific teaching environments, the
need for certain amendments, allowances when using model eyes, and complex
cases such as irregular reflex in keratoconus, paediatric refraction and cycloplegic …
need for certain amendments, allowances when using model eyes, and complex
cases such as irregular reflex in keratoconus, paediatric refraction and cycloplegic …
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[HTML] Visual outcomes of scleral lenses in different stages and cone locations of keratoconus: A retrospective observational study
S Kaya, A Sağlik - Medicine, 2026
… keratoconus based on disease stage and cone localization and provide data to
inform clinical practice. This retrospective study included 95 eyes from 61
keratoconus … Patients were categorized according to keratoconus stage (mild …
inform clinical practice. This retrospective study included 95 eyes from 61
keratoconus … Patients were categorized according to keratoconus stage (mild …
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Comparing outcomes of penetrating keratoplasty versus deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for keratoconus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
FS Al-Ghamdi, SS Taishan, RO Alanazi, FS Alsalem… - International Journal of …, 2026
Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectasia that can lead to visual impairment.
Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) has traditionally been the standard surgical
intervention. However, deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) has emerged as …
Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) has traditionally been the standard surgical
intervention. However, deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) has emerged as …
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[HTML] Hormonal Modulation of Keratoconus: A Systematic Review and Screening Strategy for at-risk Populations
M Ashraf, E Shoraka, S Shahabi, S Ghalibafan… - Ophthalmology Science, 2026
Topic Keratoconus (KCN) is a progressive corneal ectasia with poorly understood
etiology and risk factors leading to inadequate screening methods for at-risk
populations. One potentially vulnerable population includes individuals …
etiology and risk factors leading to inadequate screening methods for at-risk
populations. One potentially vulnerable population includes individuals …
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[PDF] Uncovering pleiotropic loci linking keratoconus and allergic diseases through integrative genomic analyses
G Li, Y Wang, Y Xiao, S Li - Scientific Reports, 2026
Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal disease increasingly linked to immune
dysregulation. Epidemiological studies have suggested comorbidity between KC
and allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic conjunctivitis (AC) …
dysregulation. Epidemiological studies have suggested comorbidity between KC
and allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic conjunctivitis (AC) …
| | | |
[PDF] … , Visual, and Refractive Outcomes of Total Corneal Wavefront-Guided Transepithelial PRK With Accelerated CXL in Keratoconus Using Objective Stability Markers
L Haro-Morlett, S Arba-Mosquera, A Hernandez-Solis… - Journal of Refractive …, 2026
… This prospective, interventional, single-center study included patients with mild to
moderate keratoconus. All underwent TCWG-TransPRK (… keratoconus care.
These findings support the procedure as a safe and effective option for non-progressive …
moderate keratoconus. All underwent TCWG-TransPRK (… keratoconus care.
These findings support the procedure as a safe and effective option for non-progressive …
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[HTML] Staging of keratoconus indices based on localized corneal biomechanics Stress-Strain Index Map
R Ning, Y Ren, J Xiahou, S Xu, K Li, Y Wang, X Yang… - Ophthalmology Science
… 78 keratoconus (KC) patients were included in this study. All subjects had corneal
tomography (Pentacam HR, Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) and … Cohen κ statistics
and Contingency tables were used to compare CBBS and Topographic keratoconus …
tomography (Pentacam HR, Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) and … Cohen κ statistics
and Contingency tables were used to compare CBBS and Topographic keratoconus …
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R Jaruseviciene, R Tamuleviciute, S Galgauskas - Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2026
Keratoconus is a progressive, non-inflammatory corneal ectasia characterized by
stromal thinning and conical protrusion. Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL)
remains the only proven treatment to halt its progression. This review compares the …
stromal thinning and conical protrusion. Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL)
remains the only proven treatment to halt its progression. This review compares the …
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[HTML] Corneoscleral Morphology in Keratoconus and Its Association With Corneal Tomography and Biomechanics
W Ruan, X Zhu, M Li, Z Xu, M Lin, F Lu, L Hu - Translational Vision Science & …, 2026
… The inclusion criteria for the keratoconus group were based on the global
consensus on keratoconus 1 , 2 , 11 : at least one clinical sign of keratoconus
observed via slit-lamp examination (eg, stromal thinning, Fleischer ring, Vogt's striae …
consensus on keratoconus 1 , 2 , 11 : at least one clinical sign of keratoconus
observed via slit-lamp examination (eg, stromal thinning, Fleischer ring, Vogt's striae …
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[HTML] Prevalence of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Patients with Keratoconus in an Optometry Clinic in the Palestinian Authority
R Ifrah, T Darwish - Biomedicines, 2026
Background/Objectives: Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) has been shown to be
more prevalent in patients with keratoconus (KC) in Turkey, Egypt, and Israel but has
not been examined in the Palestinian Authority (PA). Therefore, this study compared …
more prevalent in patients with keratoconus (KC) in Turkey, Egypt, and Israel but has
not been examined in the Palestinian Authority (PA). Therefore, this study compared …
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[HTML] Decoding Cone Morphology in Keratoconus: A Retrospective Study on Contact Lens Selection in Turkish Patients
G Varan, S Güler, SD Güler, BN Tabakçi, Y Yildirim - Journal of Current …, 2026
… keratoconus, such as globus keratoconus and Grade 4 disease. Hybrid and rigid
gas permeable (RGP) lenses were commonly prescribed for moderate keratoconus…
optimizing visual rehabilitation in patients with keratoconus. Scleral lenses are the …
gas permeable (RGP) lenses were commonly prescribed for moderate keratoconus…
optimizing visual rehabilitation in patients with keratoconus. Scleral lenses are the …
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[PDF] Comparison of tear film quantity parameters between keratoconus and normal eyes
F Narooie-Noori, M Khorrami-Nejad, N Ayad… - International Journal of …, 2026
… Therefore, future studies are recommended to investigate the quality and quantity
of tear film across different stages of keratoconus. Finally, KCN severity was not
stratified in correlational analyses. … and inflammatory molecules in the tears of …
of tear film across different stages of keratoconus. Finally, KCN severity was not
stratified in correlational analyses. … and inflammatory molecules in the tears of …
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Modeling Biomechanics of the Corneal Column with Keratoconus During Implantation of Intrastromal Segments
IN Zakharov, EG Solodkova, SV Balalin, VH Le… - Mechanics of Solids, 2026
… At the same time, patient-oriented FEM models of keratoconus treatment using
ISS installation, based on individualized parameters of … This study develops a
personalized finite element (FE) model of a cornea with keratoconus for intrastromal …
ISS installation, based on individualized parameters of … This study develops a
personalized finite element (FE) model of a cornea with keratoconus for intrastromal …
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[PDF] One-Year Impact of Scleral Lens Wear on Corneal Morphology in Keratoconus with and Without Intracorneal Ring Segment
M Serramito Blanco, A Privado Aroco… - 2026
… lens wear in keratoconus eyes and to determine their impact on visual
performance. Methods: Sixty-five keratoconus subjects were divided … vision
correction in keratoconus. The findings highlight the importance of personalized …
performance. Methods: Sixty-five keratoconus subjects were divided … vision
correction in keratoconus. The findings highlight the importance of personalized …
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[HTML] Guide to Pentacam Interpretation for Keratoconus and Corneal Ectasia
A Chen, D Srikumaran, ZA Syed, M Belin - Cornea Open, 2025
Purpose: The Pentacam, a Scheimpflug-based tomographic device, is an invaluable
tool for identifying corneal diseases. The purpose of this review was to explain the
data and images available on the 4 Maps Refractive, Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced …
tool for identifying corneal diseases. The purpose of this review was to explain the
data and images available on the 4 Maps Refractive, Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced …
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[HTML] From Corneal Tomography, Biomechanics to Visual Function: Diagnostic Advances in Early Keratoconus
Y Huo, Y Wang - 2025
… keratoconus, and subclinical keratoconus. As the aim of this chapter is to
elucidate the diagnostic advances in early keratoconus, unifying the criteria for early
keratoconus … Table 1 shows the typical definitions of each early keratoconus term …
elucidate the diagnostic advances in early keratoconus, unifying the criteria for early
keratoconus … Table 1 shows the typical definitions of each early keratoconus term …
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Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of keratoconus: multi-centric study from India
S Chatterjee, N Kapur, S Sawant, N Jain, VS Sangwan - Eye, 2025
… This study aimed to determine if the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics
of patients with keratoconus had changed in recent … screened for keratoconus with
corneal tomography, leading to a greater number of keratoconus detections [5, 6] …
of patients with keratoconus had changed in recent … screened for keratoconus with
corneal tomography, leading to a greater number of keratoconus detections [5, 6] …
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[HTML] Celastrol nanomedicine eye drops restore redox homeostasis and prevents keratoconus progression via PI3K/AKT/AP-1 signaling
R Liu, R Ma, N Zhang, X Geng, J Li, L Zhu, Z Li - Redox Biology, 2025
Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal disorder primarily driven by oxidative
stress, though its precise molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood,
and effective pharmacological treatments are currently lacking. Our proteomic …
stress, though its precise molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood,
and effective pharmacological treatments are currently lacking. Our proteomic …
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Role of hypoxia-related differentially expressed genes in pathogenesis of keratoconus and construction of diagnostic models
M Wu, M He, Y Du - Experimental Eye Research, 2025
… high accuracy (AUC > 0.9) for the early detection of keratoconus. Furthermore, the
immune cell infiltration analysis revealed a positive … keratoconus. The results of
our study lay the groundwork for subsequent investigations into the molecular …
immune cell infiltration analysis revealed a positive … keratoconus. The results of
our study lay the groundwork for subsequent investigations into the molecular …
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Comparison of conventional corneal crosslinking with the accelerated procedure in progressive keratoconus
L Ramm, DT Trojan, D Wittig, F Raiskup, R Khoramnia… - International Ophthalmology, 2025
Purpose To evaluate the long-term efficacy of corneal crosslinking using the
standard protocol (S-CXL) and the accelerated protocol (A-CXL) over a period of 8
years. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 61 eyes from 61 patients …
standard protocol (S-CXL) and the accelerated protocol (A-CXL) over a period of 8
years. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 61 eyes from 61 patients …
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[HTML] Evaluation of systemic inflammatory biomarkers associated with high-density lipoprotein in keratoconus patients: a retrospective case-control study
B Çakır, MM Osmanoğlu, BG Sönmezoğlu - BMC ophthalmology, 2025
Background To evaluate systemic inflammatory markers including the monocyte to
high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio (MHR), neutrophil to HDL ratio (NHR),
lymphocyte to HDL ratio (LHR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to HDL …
high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio (MHR), neutrophil to HDL ratio (NHR),
lymphocyte to HDL ratio (LHR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to HDL …
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Comparative evaluation of tonometry methods in keratoconus
SE Avetisov, VV Averich, AV Volzhanin, AA Antonov… - Vestnik oftalmologii, 2025
The chronic course of keratoconus (KC) and the associated structural and functional
changes in the cornea complicate the interpretation of intraocular pressure (IOP)
measurements. A promising approach is to analyze tonometric data with …
changes in the cornea complicate the interpretation of intraocular pressure (IOP)
measurements. A promising approach is to analyze tonometric data with …
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[PDF] Bilateral Keratoconus: a Cataract Preoperative Assessment Incidental Finding. Role of Tomography in Biometry and Multifocality of Cone Effect
E KARMIRIS, EE CHRISTOU, M SPYROPOULOU… - Maedica A Journal of …, 2025
Background: Implantation of intraocular lenses (IOLs) for full refractive correction at
all distances is the ideal goal for cataract surgery. A comprehensive examination is
pivotal to identify corneal pathology such as keratoconus, in order to achieve optimal …
all distances is the ideal goal for cataract surgery. A comprehensive examination is
pivotal to identify corneal pathology such as keratoconus, in order to achieve optimal …
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Tear Film Inflammatory Biomarkers in Keratoconus: Insights into Disease Severity and Diagnostic Potential
SL Pallamreddy, CS Sandhya, MK Damdamraju… - Korean journal of ophthalmology …
Background Keratoconus (KC) involves a progressive corneal deformation,
recognized as having an inflammatory component, despite traditionally being
considered non-inflammatory. This study investigates the notable tear film cytokines …
recognized as having an inflammatory component, despite traditionally being
considered non-inflammatory. This study investigates the notable tear film cytokines …
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[HTML] The Relationship Between Corneal Stiffness Distribution and Tomography in Keratoconus Patients
NJ Lu, M Jiménez-García, A Elsheikh, A Makarem… - American Journal of …, 2025
… Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral corneal ectatic disease characterized by
progressive thinning and localized biomechanical weakening of the corneal tissue.
These structural changes can lead to increased myopia, irregular astigmatism …
progressive thinning and localized biomechanical weakening of the corneal tissue.
These structural changes can lead to increased myopia, irregular astigmatism …
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[HTML] The causal effect of oxidative stress on the risk of keratoconus: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
J Wang, J Zhang, Q Sun - Medicine, 2025
Keratoconus (KC) is an intricate disease involving multiple factors. It is widely
accepted that the pathogenesis of KC is linked to oxidative stress (OS). Nevertheless,
the precise causal relationship between OS and KC remains uncertain due to the …
accepted that the pathogenesis of KC is linked to oxidative stress (OS). Nevertheless,
the precise causal relationship between OS and KC remains uncertain due to the …
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[HTML] Simultaneous Implantation of Intracapsular Fixed-Aperture Intraocular Lens and Toric Sulcus Intraocular Lens to Treat Cataract in Patients With Keratoconus
SS Zhang, W Henein, L Brien, M Green - Cornea Open, 2025
… The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment of patients with keratoconus
and cataract with cataract extraction and insertion of dual … ), 14 patients with
keratoconus do not enjoy the same benefit from toric lens insertion and those with …
and cataract with cataract extraction and insertion of dual … ), 14 patients with
keratoconus do not enjoy the same benefit from toric lens insertion and those with …
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[PDF] Photorefractive Keratectomy in Keratoconus Suspect Eyes with Borderline Topographies: One-Year Longitudinal Assessment of Visual, Refractive, and Topographic …
HM Rabie, P Nourizadeh, N Karrabi
… suspected of keratoconus (KCS) who consented to refractive surgery were
enrolled. Inclusion criteria were: age >30 years, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA)
of 10/10, stable refractive error for at least two years, and at least two topographic …
enrolled. Inclusion criteria were: age >30 years, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA)
of 10/10, stable refractive error for at least two years, and at least two topographic …
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Sterile Corneal Infiltrates After Combined Riboflavin-UVA Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Keratoconus
A Pelit, Z Kunt - 2025
… progression of keratoconus [2–5]. Standard CXL is a safe and approved
procedure that was shown to stabilize the progressive keratoconus. … Patients with
moderate and advanced keratoconus were included in our study. A placido disk …
procedure that was shown to stabilize the progressive keratoconus. … Patients with
moderate and advanced keratoconus were included in our study. A placido disk …
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Performance of new Corvis ST parameters in differentiating between healthy corneas and different stages of keratoconus in a North African population
B Omari, C Khodriss, C El Ouazzani, F Bousgheiri… - Journal Français d' …, 2026
… in differentiating between keratoconus severities (AUC = 0.861 and 0.850,
respectively). CBiF and cCBI showed excellent ability to diagnose keratoconus (AUC
= 0.937 and 0.933, respectively). SSIv2 demonstrated good potential (AUC = 0.796) …
respectively). CBiF and cCBI showed excellent ability to diagnose keratoconus (AUC
= 0.937 and 0.933, respectively). SSIv2 demonstrated good potential (AUC = 0.796) …
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Evaluation of fluid reservoir turbidity with different reservoir compositions and its effect on visual acuity in keratoconus patients wearing scleral lenses
M Subramanian, A Baniya, R Dutta - Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, 2025
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate and compare the Scleral Lens Fluid Reservoir
turbidity when using unpreserved normal saline and with addition of lubricating eye
drops and to compare its effect on visual quality during 6h lens wear in keratoconus …
turbidity when using unpreserved normal saline and with addition of lubricating eye
drops and to compare its effect on visual quality during 6h lens wear in keratoconus …
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Clinical outcomes with a higher order aberration (HOA) correcting scleral lens for keratoconus
J Jedlicka - Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, 2025
Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the visual outcomes of 17 eyes
of 11 keratoconic patients wearing scleral lenses with standard lens optics versus
scleral lenses with a higher order aberration (HOA) correcting added. Methods: All …
of 11 keratoconic patients wearing scleral lenses with standard lens optics versus
scleral lenses with a higher order aberration (HOA) correcting added. Methods: All …
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Correction: Prediction of the ectasia screening index from raw Casia2 volume data for keratoconus identification by using convolutional neural networks
M Mirsalehi, B Fassbind, A Streich, A Langenbucher - PloS one, 2025
Correction: Prediction of the ectasia screening index from raw Casia2 volume data
for keratoconus identification by using convol … Correction: Prediction of the ectasia
screening index from raw Casia2 volume data for keratoconus identification by using …
for keratoconus identification by using convol … Correction: Prediction of the ectasia
screening index from raw Casia2 volume data for keratoconus identification by using …
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Macromolecular Differences in the Extracellular Matrix Between Normal and Keratoconus Human Corneas: An Ex Vivo Study
MB Peres, JL Covre, LR da Rosa, PC Cristovam… - Current Eye Research, 2025
… cross-links, stopping the progression of keratoconus.Citation 31 The protocol
initially described (… PGs and other ECM macromolecules from normal and
keratoconus human corneas. … between the normal and keratoconus groups, and …
initially described (… PGs and other ECM macromolecules from normal and
keratoconus human corneas. … between the normal and keratoconus groups, and …
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[HTML] Comparison of corneal pachymetry evolution after accelerated corneal crosslinking in keratoconus eyes using anterior segment optical coherence tomography and …
A Lang, B Seitz, C Munteanu, E Flockerzi - International Ophthalmology, 2025
Purpose This retrospective clinical study compared longitudinal corneal pachymetry
measurement evolution after accelerated corneal crosslinking (A-CXL, 9 mW/cm 2 ,
10 min) in keratoconus (KC) eyes as measured by Pentacam HR Scheimpflug …
measurement evolution after accelerated corneal crosslinking (A-CXL, 9 mW/cm 2 ,
10 min) in keratoconus (KC) eyes as measured by Pentacam HR Scheimpflug …
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[HTML] Knowledge of Early Keratoconus Diagnosis and Management in Nyanza and Western Kenya: Practitioners' Perspective
MM Njeru, IS Soler, SN Maina, HA Golicha - The Open Ophthalmology Journal, 2025
… A substantial number of practitioners demonstrated limited knowledge of early
keratoconus, possibly due to the low rates of keratoconus … of early keratoconus.
Practitioners' qualifications were significantly associated with knowledge in early …
keratoconus, possibly due to the low rates of keratoconus … of early keratoconus.
Practitioners' qualifications were significantly associated with knowledge in early …
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[PDF] Hierarchical Attention for Sparse Volumetric Anomaly Detection in Subclinical Keratoconus
L Kandakji, W Woof, N Pontikos - arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.03346, 2025
… cross-sections illustrating the subtle morphological progression with increasing
keratoconus probability (𝑝𝐾𝐶). (A) Region of interest for … from normal to severe
keratoconus, with corresponding keratoconus probability ranges pKC. Keratoconus …
keratoconus probability (𝑝𝐾𝐶). (A) Region of interest for … from normal to severe
keratoconus, with corresponding keratoconus probability ranges pKC. Keratoconus …
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[PDF] Keratometric Evaluation of the Anterior and Posterior Corneal Surface Before and After Corneal Cross-linking for Pediatric Keratoconus
B Wójcik-Niklewska, M Janik - Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus, 2025
… of keratoconus is between 0.2 and 4.79 per 100.000 and 1.5 and 25 cases per
100.00 persons/year. The highest prevalence has been reported in those 20 to 30
years old and in the Middle East and Asia.Patients with keratoconus … before and …
100.00 persons/year. The highest prevalence has been reported in those 20 to 30
years old and in the Middle East and Asia.Patients with keratoconus … before and …
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[PDF] DOES TRANSPLANTATION OF THE BOWMAN LAYER REDUCE THE PROGRESSION OF KERATOCONUS? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
MA ISMAIL, BM ALHASHIDI, BK ALSHAHRI… - … , Methodology in Applied …, 2025
Background: Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectatic disorder that can severely
impair vision. Bowman layer transplantation (BLT) has been proposed as a
minimally invasive surgical option to stabilize ectasia and preserve vision in …
impair vision. Bowman layer transplantation (BLT) has been proposed as a
minimally invasive surgical option to stabilize ectasia and preserve vision in …
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[HTML] Corneal cross-linking for keratoconus: a global economic and clinical perspective
B Gurnani, K Kaur - Journal of Medical Economics, 2025
… Keratoconus typically presents during adolescence or early adulthood critical
years for education, productivity, and workforce participationCitation 4 . Preventing
vision loss through timely CXL not only reduces direct medical expenditures but also …
years for education, productivity, and workforce participationCitation 4 . Preventing
vision loss through timely CXL not only reduces direct medical expenditures but also …
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Exploring biomarkers for keratoconus: current insights and future directions
D Nautiyal, S Gaba, U Jain - Molecular Biology Reports, 2026
… profile of keratoconus may help to focus on better diagnosis. The present review
will increase our insights into keratoconus pathophysiology … Bowman was the first
to observe keratoconus using an ophthalmoscope [2, 3]. A Swiss physician named …
will increase our insights into keratoconus pathophysiology … Bowman was the first
to observe keratoconus using an ophthalmoscope [2, 3]. A Swiss physician named …
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Biomechanical and Inflammatory Pathways Underlying the Genetic Architecture of Keratoconus: A Genomic SEM Study
T Shuijing, W Jiakang, Y Tingting, J Ma - Experimental Eye Research, 2025
Background The genetic architecture of keratoconus (KC) is complex, and the
interplay between its biomechanical and inflammatory etiological components
remains poorly defined. We aimed to quantitatively resolve these distinct genetic …
interplay between its biomechanical and inflammatory etiological components
remains poorly defined. We aimed to quantitatively resolve these distinct genetic …
| | | |
[HTML] Results of contralateral Athens and decentered individualized sphero-cylindrical (DISC) protocols for keratoconus management
I Knezović, N Jovanović, S Djurić - 2025
… Keratoconus (KC) is characterized by corneal thinning and bulging, typically
beginning in … ) technique to stop the progression of keratoconus by increasing the
covalent connections … Thirty-four years old male, Caucasian patient was …
beginning in … ) technique to stop the progression of keratoconus by increasing the
covalent connections … Thirty-four years old male, Caucasian patient was …
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[PDF] COEXISTENCE OF KERATOCONUS AND AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION: AN UNUSUAL CASE REPORT
AM Januškevičiūtė, R Vaičiulienė, D Žaliūnienė
… Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectasia, usually diagnosed in younger
patients that can … presenting with the coexistence of keratoconus and macular
choroidal neovascularization. … The objective of the article is to present a rare …
patients that can … presenting with the coexistence of keratoconus and macular
choroidal neovascularization. … The objective of the article is to present a rare …
| | | |
Exploring biomarkers for keratoconus: current insights and future directions
D Nautiyal, S Gaba, U Jain - Molecular Biology Reports, 2026
… profile of keratoconus may help to focus on better diagnosis. The present review
will increase our insights into keratoconus pathophysiology … Bowman was the first
to observe keratoconus using an ophthalmoscope [2, 3]. A Swiss physician named …
will increase our insights into keratoconus pathophysiology … Bowman was the first
to observe keratoconus using an ophthalmoscope [2, 3]. A Swiss physician named …
| | | |
Biomechanical and Inflammatory Pathways Underlying the Genetic Architecture of Keratoconus: A Genomic SEM Study
T Shuijing, W Jiakang, Y Tingting, J Ma - Experimental Eye Research, 2025
Background The genetic architecture of keratoconus (KC) is complex, and the
interplay between its biomechanical and inflammatory etiological components
remains poorly defined. We aimed to quantitatively resolve these distinct genetic …
interplay between its biomechanical and inflammatory etiological components
remains poorly defined. We aimed to quantitatively resolve these distinct genetic …
| | | |
[HTML] Results of contralateral Athens and decentered individualized sphero-cylindrical (DISC) protocols for keratoconus management
I Knezović, N Jovanović, S Djurić - 2025
… Keratoconus (KC) is characterized by corneal thinning and bulging, typically
beginning in … ) technique to stop the progression of keratoconus by increasing the
covalent connections … Thirty-four years old male, Caucasian patient was …
beginning in … ) technique to stop the progression of keratoconus by increasing the
covalent connections … Thirty-four years old male, Caucasian patient was …
| | | |
[PDF] COEXISTENCE OF KERATOCONUS AND AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION: AN UNUSUAL CASE REPORT
AM Januškevičiūtė, R Vaičiulienė, D Žaliūnienė
… Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectasia, usually diagnosed in younger
patients that can … presenting with the coexistence of keratoconus and macular
choroidal neovascularization. … The objective of the article is to present a rare …
patients that can … presenting with the coexistence of keratoconus and macular
choroidal neovascularization. … The objective of the article is to present a rare …
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Reveal a Risk and Potential Mechanism for Keratoconus Progression with Isotretinoin: Toxicogenomic, Transcriptomics and Real-World Evidence Insights
T Tao, Y Peng, M Zhao, K Yan, Q Zhang, X Zheng… - Experimental Eye Research, 2025
Purpose Limited clinical data and unstable animal models hinder understanding
isotretinoin-induced keratoconus. We addressed this by integrating
pharmacovigilance with computational approaches. Methods Isotretinoin-associated …
isotretinoin-induced keratoconus. We addressed this by integrating
pharmacovigilance with computational approaches. Methods Isotretinoin-associated …
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[HTML] Structural and microvascular retinal changes in keratoconus: an OCT and OCT angiography study
O Ozkan, CA Utine, R Piscopo, LD Andrea - Medical hypothesis, discovery & …, 2025
Background: Keratoconus is increasingly recognized as a condition that may affect
not only corneal structure but also posterior segment parameters. This study aimed
to evaluate alterations in central macular, choroidal, and peripapillary retinal nerve …
not only corneal structure but also posterior segment parameters. This study aimed
to evaluate alterations in central macular, choroidal, and peripapillary retinal nerve …
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[HTML] Six-month longitudinal analysis of visual, tomographic, and densitometric changes after corneal collagen cross-linking in keratoconus
E Karatas, S Koksaldi, CA Utine - Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation in …, 2025
Background: Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectasia commonly treated with
corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) to halt further progression. Although transient
anterior stromal haze frequently develops after CXL, its impact on visual recovery …
corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) to halt further progression. Although transient
anterior stromal haze frequently develops after CXL, its impact on visual recovery …
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Efficacy of Variable-thickness Sinusoidal Intracorneal Ring Segments in Management of Keratoconus: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
M Hosny, S Kwitko, J Ruiz, M Harouch, H Kamoun… - … Journal of Keratoconus and …, 2025
Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of implanting variable thickness intracorneal
ring segments (Vt-ICRS) in the treatment of keratoconus. Patients and methods: A
retrospective multicenter study from seven centers in five different countries …
ring segments (Vt-ICRS) in the treatment of keratoconus. Patients and methods: A
retrospective multicenter study from seven centers in five different countries …
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[PDF] Outcomes of Scleral Lens in Different Stages and Cone Locations of Keratoconus
S KAYA, A SAĞLIK
… moderate-stage keratoconus and paracentral cone localization compared with
other groups (p< 0.05). In advanced keratoconus, the gain … Conclusion: SCLs
signi cantly enhance visual acuity in keratoconus patients, with the most substantial …
other groups (p< 0.05). In advanced keratoconus, the gain … Conclusion: SCLs
signi cantly enhance visual acuity in keratoconus patients, with the most substantial …
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A Standardized Protocol of Simultaneous Transepithelial Phototherapeutic Keratectomy Followed by Corneal Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus.
R Angunawela, M Bizrah, J Kabbani, RP Patel - 2025
… keratoconus who underwent a standardized protocol of transepithelial
phototherapeutic keratectomy (t-PTK) laser followed by accelerated corneal
collagen crosslinking (CXL). METHODS: All patients with progressive keratoconus …
phototherapeutic keratectomy (t-PTK) laser followed by accelerated corneal
collagen crosslinking (CXL). METHODS: All patients with progressive keratoconus …
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[PDF] The Arrangement of a Framework, Scheimpflug Imaging and the Modern Treatment of the Ectatic Corneal Disorder: Keratoconus
M Chandra, J Singh, IA Ansari, A Jha
Objective: To review recent advancements in the understanding, diagnosis, and
management of keratoconus, emphasizing the role of Scheimpflug imaging and the
Belin ABCD classification in early detection and treatment planning. Design …
management of keratoconus, emphasizing the role of Scheimpflug imaging and the
Belin ABCD classification in early detection and treatment planning. Design …
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[HTML] Comparison of visual acuity outcomes and topographic differences: Rigid gas-permeable lens versus mini-scleral lenses for moderate-to-severe keratoconus
EC Chang, CJ Kuo, SH Lee, YC Hou - Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to compare the visual outcomes of small-diameter
rigid gas-permeable (RGP) lenses and mini-scleral lenses (MScL) in patients with
moderate-to-severe keratoconus (KC) and to evaluate the utility of corneal …
rigid gas-permeable (RGP) lenses and mini-scleral lenses (MScL) in patients with
moderate-to-severe keratoconus (KC) and to evaluate the utility of corneal …
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… Corneal Pocket Implantation of 360-Degree MyoRing® Versus Corneal Tunnel Implantation of 340-Degree Keraring® for the Management of Central Keratoconus
M Abdel-Radi, M Anwar, MM Mostafa - Current Eye Research, 2025
Purpose To report the intraoperative and postoperative complications and to
evaluate the outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted pocket implantation of 360-degree
MyoRing ® versus tunnel implantation of 340-degree Keraring ® for the …
evaluate the outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted pocket implantation of 360-degree
MyoRing ® versus tunnel implantation of 340-degree Keraring ® for the …
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Incidence of keratoconus following allergic conjunctivitis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study using a US healthcare network database
N Lishinsky-Fischer, N Erdinest, O Buhbut, Z Gur - Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, 2026
… a relationship between atopic conditions and keratoconus, many were limited by
sample size, … between allergic conjunctivitis and incident keratoconus in a large
pediatric and young … Forest plots summarizing the hazard ratios for keratoconus …
sample size, … between allergic conjunctivitis and incident keratoconus in a large
pediatric and young … Forest plots summarizing the hazard ratios for keratoconus …
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CUTTING-EDGE DIAGNOSTIC INNOVATIONS: A META-ANALYSIS OF EARLY KERATOCONUS DETECTION
MURR PARREY, HN ALENEZI, RS ALANAZI… - … , Methodology in Applied …, 2025
Background: Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal ectasia that can remain
undetected in its early or subclinical stages, delaying sight-preserving interventions
such as corneal cross-linking (CXL). Accurate and timely diagnosis is essential to …
undetected in its early or subclinical stages, delaying sight-preserving interventions
such as corneal cross-linking (CXL). Accurate and timely diagnosis is essential to …
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Tear levels of apoptotic, matrix-degrading and antioxidant biomarkers in patients with and without keratoconus: A cross sectional study.
D Alunni-Fegatelli, U Camellin, F Franchina… - 2025
… be associated with clinically manifest keratoconus. ROC curve analysis …
keratoconus and 33 were age-matched healthy subjects. The linear combination of
the three tear biomarkers levels (AUC = 0.811; CI 95 %: 0.712-0.911) accurately …
keratoconus and 33 were age-matched healthy subjects. The linear combination of
the three tear biomarkers levels (AUC = 0.811; CI 95 %: 0.712-0.911) accurately …
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The application of artificial intelligence-based algorithms in predicting the progression of keratoconus: a systematic review
H Hashemi, A Jamali, P Nabovati, F Babapour Mofrad… - International Ophthalmology, 2025
Purpose To conduct a systematic review of studies examining the use of artificial
intelligence (AI) algorithms in predicting the progression of keratoconus (KCN).
Methods A comprehensive review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar …
intelligence (AI) algorithms in predicting the progression of keratoconus (KCN).
Methods A comprehensive review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar …
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Comparison of t-PTK+ CXL and CXL with mechanical debridement for keratoconus: fellow eye study
B Kepez Yildiz, O Yucel, YB Akbas, AS Balci… - International Ophthalmology, 2025
… This retrospective, comparative, fellow-eye study included 52 eyes of 26
keratoconus patients, each with a thinnest corneal thickness greater than 450 µm
before the … Accelerated CXL following t-PTK may offer enhanced therapeutic …
keratoconus patients, each with a thinnest corneal thickness greater than 450 µm
before the … Accelerated CXL following t-PTK may offer enhanced therapeutic …
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[HTML] Prevalence and factors associated with keratoconus among high school students in Trinidad and Tobago: A cross-sectional population-based study
NE Ezinne, MA Kwarteng, S Phagoo… - Contact Lens and Anterior …, 2026
Background This study aimed to determine the prevalence of keratoconus (KC)
among high school students in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) and identify associated
factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using multi-stratified …
among high school students in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) and identify associated
factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using multi-stratified …
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[HTML] Evaluation of the Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formulas for Cataract Surgery in Patients with Keratoconus
F Hatami, SK Mirzaei, MA Javadi, S Feizi, S Safi… - Journal of Ophthalmic & …, 2025
Purpose To compare the refractive accuracy of different intraocular lens (IOL) power
calculation formulas in eyes with keratoconus (KCN) undergoing cataract surgery.
Methods This retrospective case series included the medical records of patients with …
calculation formulas in eyes with keratoconus (KCN) undergoing cataract surgery.
Methods This retrospective case series included the medical records of patients with …
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[HTML] Comparative Analysis of Corneal Biomechanical Properties in Keratoconus and Post-Refractive Surgery Ectasia Using Scheimpflug-Based Imaging
K Bansal, T Gupta, A Akhlaq - European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine, 2025
Purpose: To compare corneal biomechanical parameters in eyes with keratoconus
and post-refractive surgery ectasia using Scheimpflug-based imaging and to
evaluate whether distinct biomechanical signatures can aid in differentiating the two …
and post-refractive surgery ectasia using Scheimpflug-based imaging and to
evaluate whether distinct biomechanical signatures can aid in differentiating the two …
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[HTML] Data-driven detection of subclinical keratoconus via semi-supervised clustering of multi-dimensional corneal biomarkers
L Kandakji, S Balal, A Stupnicki, S Liu, M Leucci… - Ophthalmology Science
… Most progression occurred from subclinical keratoconus to keratoconus, while
direct transitions from healthy to keratoconus were rare. … curves estimating the
probability of remaining keratoconus-free over time for eyes classified at baseline as …
direct transitions from healthy to keratoconus were rare. … curves estimating the
probability of remaining keratoconus-free over time for eyes classified at baseline as …
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[PDF] Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome Following Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation in a Patient With Keratoconus and Nystagmus: A Case Report
AK Alharbi, M Dabi, A Almuzaini, A Almalki… - Cureus, 2025
… for keratoconus) was evaluated for refractive surgery. Pre-crosslinking, corneal
topography had confirmed bilateral keratoconus associated … To our knowledge,
there are no prior reports in the literature involving the use of toric ICLs in patients …
topography had confirmed bilateral keratoconus associated … To our knowledge,
there are no prior reports in the literature involving the use of toric ICLs in patients …
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[PDF] Corneal Allogenic Intrastromal Ring Segments For The Treatment Of Keraroconus CAIRS in Keratoconus
R Barbara, G Salvo, R Hanna, A Sepetis, NL Espinoza… - 2025
… This retrospective study included 24 eyes from 22 patients with keratoconus who
experienced suboptimal visual acuity with spectacles and were intolerant to contact
lenses. All patients underwent femtosecond laser-assisted CAIRS implantation …
experienced suboptimal visual acuity with spectacles and were intolerant to contact
lenses. All patients underwent femtosecond laser-assisted CAIRS implantation …
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Vision-Related Quality of Life in Iraqi Keratoconus Patients: A Comparative Analysis of Surgical and Non-Surgical Interventions
HA Aljaberi, S Rahmani, A Mohammad, MO Almuttairi - Korean journal of ophthalmology …
Purpose To compare vision-related quality of life (QoL) between surgical and non-surgical
interventions in Iraqi patients with unilateral keratoconus (KC) and to identify
independent clinical predictors of QoL outcomes. Methods This multicenter cross-sectional …
interventions in Iraqi patients with unilateral keratoconus (KC) and to identify
independent clinical predictors of QoL outcomes. Methods This multicenter cross-sectional …
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[HTML] Dynamic ocular surface secretome analysis in keratoconus patients under scleral lens intervention
L Zeng, C Lu, X Zhou, Z Chen, Q Le, F Zhou - Eye Discovery, 2025
Objective To characterize the temporal dynamics of the ocular surface secretome in
response to scleral lens (SL) wear in keratoconus and to explore potential molecular
mechanisms. Methods Ocular surface secretions were collected from four patients …
response to scleral lens (SL) wear in keratoconus and to explore potential molecular
mechanisms. Methods Ocular surface secretions were collected from four patients …
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[HTML] A proteomic window into the stressed ocular surface—Comments on "dynamic ocular surface secretome analysis in keratoconus patients under scleral lens …
T Wang, W Shi - Eye Discovery, 2025
The ocular surface secretome provides a dynamic molecular readout of ocular health.
A longitudinal proteomic study of keratoconus patients wearing scleral lenses
reveals rapid immune activation and metabolic adaptation, offering insights into the …
A longitudinal proteomic study of keratoconus patients wearing scleral lenses
reveals rapid immune activation and metabolic adaptation, offering insights into the …
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Cataract surgery in keratoconus: current challenges and future directions
C Sarnicola, E Sarnicola, V Sarnicola - Current Opinion in OphthalmologyDespite significant progress, outcomes in keratoconus remain less predictable than
in normal eyes. Careful patient selection, keratoconus-adjusted formulas, and
staged surgical strategies are essential. Future priorities include prospective …
in normal eyes. Careful patient selection, keratoconus-adjusted formulas, and
staged surgical strategies are essential. Future priorities include prospective …
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[HTML] Changes in corneal symmetry and tear film stability after laser asymmetric keratectomy in patients with keratoconus suspect: A retrospective study
JS Min, BM Min - Medicine, 2025Keratoconus suspect (KCS) has been a contraindication of laser refractive surgery (LRS)
due to postoperative corneal ectasia, but is well indicated with LRS combined with
corneal remodeling using laser asymmetric keratectomy (LAK). This study compared …
due to postoperative corneal ectasia, but is well indicated with LRS combined with
corneal remodeling using laser asymmetric keratectomy (LAK). This study compared …
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[PDF] Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Keratoconus Patients in a University-based Eye Clinic
FS Barodawala, KK Leong - International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic …, 2025Aim and background: Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral, asymmetrical,
noninflammatory corneal ectasia that causes blurred vision from the irregular
astigmatism by corneal protrusion, thinning, and steepening. This study aims to …
noninflammatory corneal ectasia that causes blurred vision from the irregular
astigmatism by corneal protrusion, thinning, and steepening. This study aims to …
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[PDF] Asthma and Keratoconus: A Vision at Risk and the Urgency of Early Screening
Z Junaid, N Babar - Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2025… Keratoconus or KC is a progressive eye disease where the cornea thins and
bulges outward… For instance, Lema and Durán documented that patients with
keratoconus had elevated … collagen cross-linking1 to reduce or prevent …
bulges outward… For instance, Lema and Durán documented that patients with
keratoconus had elevated … collagen cross-linking1 to reduce or prevent …
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[HTML] Integration of tear fluid biomarkers and machine learning for the early detection of keratoconus
Y Lin, Y Yao, X Miao, S Tang, L Huang - BMC ophthalmology, 2025
Background Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal disorder that leads to visual
impairment owing to corneal thinning and deformation. While current diagnostic
methods are effective in the later stages, early detection of KC remains challenging …
impairment owing to corneal thinning and deformation. While current diagnostic
methods are effective in the later stages, early detection of KC remains challenging …
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[HTML] Beyond Vision: Unveiling the Psychiatric Dimensions of Keratoconus
TG Nuță, MC Manea, CI Varlam, G Nuță, AM Mareș… - Medicina, 2025
… to find the possible connection between keratoconus and specific mental illnesses. …
This study takes a broader look at the relationship between keratoconus and
psychiatric disorders. … Most small, cross-sectional studies reported significant …
This study takes a broader look at the relationship between keratoconus and
psychiatric disorders. … Most small, cross-sectional studies reported significant …
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Impact of contact lens correction on wavefront aberrations and vision quality in keratoconus
G Swartz, K Alam, A Gentle, LE Downie - Ophthalmic & physiological optics: the journal of the …
… in keratoconus, with a focus on residual ocular wavefront error and its impact on
vision performance. Findings: Corneal rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses,
commonly used in keratoconus … the optical characteristics of the cornea in …
vision performance. Findings: Corneal rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses,
commonly used in keratoconus … the optical characteristics of the cornea in …
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[HTML] Inter-Eye Molecular Discrepancies in the Corneal Epithelium Point to TFRC in the Keratoconus Severity Signature and Mechanism of Cone Formation
K Jaskiewicz-Rajewicz, A Wysocka… - … Ophthalmology & Visual …, 2025
Purpose: There is no molecular evidence available confirming or contradicting inter-eye
molecular variability in keratoconus (KTCN). The key question is whether the use of
a model of more and less affected eyes of the same pair facilitates the identification …
molecular variability in keratoconus (KTCN). The key question is whether the use of
a model of more and less affected eyes of the same pair facilitates the identification …
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Wavefront changes after local cross-linking for keratoconus
SI Anisimov, SM Micovic, NS Anisimova, NA Gavrilova - Vestnik oftalmologii, 2025
Objective This study aimed to analyze the dynamics of corneal wavefront aberration
changes after local corneal cross-linking and assess their impact on visual acuity in
patients with keratoconus. Material and methods The study group included 22 …
changes after local corneal cross-linking and assess their impact on visual acuity in
patients with keratoconus. Material and methods The study group included 22 …
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… to Data Standards: A Translational Evidence Framework for Corneal Crosslinking: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Corneal Crosslinking in Keratoconus
D Oehring, T Kim, H Lee, D Sung-Yong, T Terletskyi… - 7th International Conference …, 2025
Introduction: Corneal crosslinking (CXL) is the only treatment capable of halting the
progression of keratoconus, a progressive corneal thinning disease that causes
distorted vision. Despite its widespread clinical adoption and a rapidly expanding …
progression of keratoconus, a progressive corneal thinning disease that causes
distorted vision. Despite its widespread clinical adoption and a rapidly expanding …
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RNN-PSO: a tuned neural network with optimisation algorithm for keratoconus classification
GP Ramesh, P Subramanian, BR Reddy - International Journal of Computer …, 2025
… which improves the keratoconus classification performance. … keratoconus and
advanced keratoconus in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The method
attains an accuracy of 0.80 on normal, 0.81 on sub-clinical, 0.85 on keratoconus and …
advanced keratoconus in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The method
attains an accuracy of 0.80 on normal, 0.81 on sub-clinical, 0.85 on keratoconus and …
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[PDF] Use of Ultraviolet Cross-Linking for the Treatment of Thin Corneas in Keratoconus
MM Bikbov, AR Khalimov, AE Babushkin, EL Usubov - Kazan medical journal, 2025
Ultraviolet cross-linking of corneal collagen is an innovative technique designed to
increase corneal strength in keratoconus by creating additional cross-links within the
macromolecules of the extracellular matrix. The method is based on exposing the …
increase corneal strength in keratoconus by creating additional cross-links within the
macromolecules of the extracellular matrix. The method is based on exposing the …
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[HTML] Evaluating the Predictive Accuracy of the Kane and SRK/T Formulas in Keratoconus Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery
YB Akbaş, H Davarcı, BK Yıldız, A Ceylan, FO Aydın… - Turkish Journal of …, 2025
… in the multicenter studies that dominate the literature on IOL calculations for
patients with keratoconus. In addition, due to the limited number of patients with
either stage 2 or stage 3 keratoconus, these cases were assessed collectively in this …
patients with keratoconus. In addition, due to the limited number of patients with
either stage 2 or stage 3 keratoconus, these cases were assessed collectively in this …
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The The Development of Criteria for Identifying Keratoconus Risk Group During the Initial Ophthalmic Examination
M Solomatina, G Laganovska, J Gertnere - Baltic Journal of Clinical Medicine and …, 2025
Objectives: There has been an increase in the number of patients diagnosed with
keratoconus … and analytical study included 100 patients with keratoconus
diagnose and a control group of … to find out if there is an association between …
keratoconus … and analytical study included 100 patients with keratoconus
diagnose and a control group of … to find out if there is an association between …
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Excimer laser-assisted ex vivo model for eccentric keratoconus in human donor corneas
M El Zarif, M Nubile, S Kluge, M Totta, J Kunstmann… - Experimental Eye Research, 2025
Purpose To develop a reproducible ex vivo model of eccentric keratoconus (KC)
using a customized excimer laser ablation profile based on patient data, replicating
the corneal morphology of ectatic disease. Methods Human donor corneas were re-profiled …
using a customized excimer laser ablation profile based on patient data, replicating
the corneal morphology of ectatic disease. Methods Human donor corneas were re-profiled …
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Evaluation of 60 months long-term results of accelerated corneal cross-linking treatment in pediatric keratoconus patients with new progression indices: TH Ceran et al …
T Horozoglu Ceran, P Kosekahya, M Koc - Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2025
… , pediatric keratoconus patients were reviewed individually and 40 eyes of 40
patients with progressive pediatric keratoconus who underwent … Keratoconus
diagnosis was based on the characteristic keratoconus signs in the anterior sagittal …
patients with progressive pediatric keratoconus who underwent … Keratoconus
diagnosis was based on the characteristic keratoconus signs in the anterior sagittal …
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[HTML] Transcriptomic profiling reveals neural–immune–stromal dysregulation and risk-associated gene signatures in advanced keratoconus
K Du, R Peng, G Xiao, Y Qu, L Han, J Hong - Scientific Reports, 2025
This study aimed to characterize transcriptomic alterations and the effects of
demographic and behavioral risk factors on disease-associated gene expression
patterns in late-stage keratoconus (KC). Corneal stromal tissues from 31 KC patients …
demographic and behavioral risk factors on disease-associated gene expression
patterns in late-stage keratoconus (KC). Corneal stromal tissues from 31 KC patients …
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Early Detection of Keratoconus Through Astigmatism Monitoring
B SOUMIA, L DOUNIA - 2025
… one of the earliest warning signs of developing keratoconus but only the
monitoring of specific … the accuracy of these parameters in detecting early
keratoconus. Results: Myopic astigmatism was … Conclusion: Changes in …
monitoring of specific … the accuracy of these parameters in detecting early
keratoconus. Results: Myopic astigmatism was … Conclusion: Changes in …
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[HTML] What is the quality-of-life status of patients with keratoconus who have not had a surgical intervention? A systematic review
D Sari, H Kandel, R Kha, SL Watson - Eye, 2025
… with keratoconus who have not had a surgical intervention to manage their
keratoconus. Data … Studies had sample sizes ranging from 25 to 1209 participants
with keratoconus. The NEI … Patients with keratoconus who have not undergone …
keratoconus. Data … Studies had sample sizes ranging from 25 to 1209 participants
with keratoconus. The NEI … Patients with keratoconus who have not undergone …
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[HTML] Prevalence of Keratoconus and Associated Risk Factors Among High School Students in Couva, Trinidad: A Cross-Sectional Study
NE Ezinne, S Phagoo, A Roopnarinesingh… - Vision, 2025
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors
of keratoconus (KC) among high school students in Couva, Trinidad and Tobago.
Method: A cross-sectional, school-based approach was used, involving a simple …
of keratoconus (KC) among high school students in Couva, Trinidad and Tobago.
Method: A cross-sectional, school-based approach was used, involving a simple …
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[PDF] Enhancing Keratoconus care in a public healthcare system in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
NM Gcabashe, VR Moodley, S Buthelezi, R Hansraj - … of Primary Health Care & Family …, 2025
Background: Keratoconus (KC) is a self-limiting corneal ectasia with an unknown
definitive aetiology. It presents as a corneal thinning disorder that results in myopia
and irregular astigmatism and, if left untreated, leads to visual impairment. Aim: This …
definitive aetiology. It presents as a corneal thinning disorder that results in myopia
and irregular astigmatism and, if left untreated, leads to visual impairment. Aim: This …
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[PDF] Keratoconus in Northern Tanzania: A hospital-based prevalence and clinical profile study
FP Maro, VR Moodley - African Vision and Eye Health, 2025
Background: Keratoconus (KC), a progressive, corneal, ectatic disease varies in
prevalence globally. Differences and similarities in KC prevalence have been
observed, and despite clinicians anecdotally reporting many KC cases, no empirical …
prevalence globally. Differences and similarities in KC prevalence have been
observed, and despite clinicians anecdotally reporting many KC cases, no empirical …
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AI Helps Doctors Treat Keratoconus Before Vision Damage Occurs
A It's - The Indian Practitioner, 2025
… (AI) system that can accurately predict which patients with keratoconus require
treatment to stabilize their corneas and prevent vision loss. The findings were
presented at the 43rd Congress of the European Society of Cataract and Refractive …
treatment to stabilize their corneas and prevent vision loss. The findings were
presented at the 43rd Congress of the European Society of Cataract and Refractive …
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Long-term outcomes after high-energy accelerated pulsed corneal cross-linking (15 mW/cm2; 7.2 J/cm2) for keratoconus: a 6 years retrospective analysis
S Luca, F Romina, C Mattia, M Luigi, G Laura… - International ophthalmology, 2025
… Long-term outcomes after high-energy accelerated pulsed corneal cross-linking (15
mW/cm 2 ; 7.2 J/cm 2 ) for keratoconus: a 6 years … Conclusion: High-energy pl-ACXL
appears to be an effective procedure for halting the progression of keratoconus and …
mW/cm 2 ; 7.2 J/cm 2 ) for keratoconus: a 6 years … Conclusion: High-energy pl-ACXL
appears to be an effective procedure for halting the progression of keratoconus and …
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[HTML] Advanced Diagnostic Imaging in Keratoconus
PK Gupta, S Greenstein
… Consider how optical coherence tomography (OCT) and epithelial thickness
maps can be used as diagnostic tools for patients with keratoconus. … Peter Hersh
with a focus on crosslinking for keratoconus. Dr. Greenstein did his ophthalmology …
maps can be used as diagnostic tools for patients with keratoconus. … Peter Hersh
with a focus on crosslinking for keratoconus. Dr. Greenstein did his ophthalmology …
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[HTML] Reducing astigmatism following accelerated transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus: A prospective study
R Setyowati, R Widyaningrum, S Supanji, K Zai… - Medicine, 2025
… in the young population of keratoconus before and after accelerated …
Keratoconus population when exposed to UVA radiation for 10 minutes at an
intensity of 9 mW/cm 2 . The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the safety and …
Keratoconus population when exposed to UVA radiation for 10 minutes at an
intensity of 9 mW/cm 2 . The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the safety and …
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CORNEAL CROSS-LINKING AS A THERAPEUTIC APPROACH IN PEDIATRIC KERATOCONUS
BF Aguiar, LMS de Oliveira, LFE de Queiroz… - CIPEEX, 2025
… Traditionally, management includes glasses or contact lenses, but these methods
do not prevent the progression of keratoconus, which … and helps prevent
keratoconus progression. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of CXL in …
do not prevent the progression of keratoconus, which … and helps prevent
keratoconus progression. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of CXL in …
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[PDF] Correlation Study Between Corneal Topographic and Biomechanical Parameters with Tear Inflammatory Mediator Levels in Keratoconus
J Du, H Liu, Y Lu, Z Qiuyan, D Wen, Z Deng - 2025
Objective: To analyze the correlations among tear inflammatory mediator
concentration, corneal topographic and biomechanical parameters in keratoconus (KC)
patients. To assess the potential of tear inflammatory mediators as supplementary …
concentration, corneal topographic and biomechanical parameters in keratoconus (KC)
patients. To assess the potential of tear inflammatory mediators as supplementary …
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[PDF] Genetic Perspective and Clinical Characteristic of First-Degree Relatives of Keratoconus: A Review
N Razak, WHWA Halim, B Mohd-Ali
… family history of keratoconus in patients with keratoconus is prominent…
keratoconus suggested that there is a potential predisposition to keratoconus (42).
Research has also indicated that approximately 13.3% of immediate family …
keratoconus suggested that there is a potential predisposition to keratoconus (42).
Research has also indicated that approximately 13.3% of immediate family …
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[PDF] Genetic Perspective and Clinical Characteristic of First-Degree Relatives of Keratoconus: A Review
N Razak, WHWA Halim, B Mohd-Ali
… family history of keratoconus in patients with keratoconus is prominent…
keratoconus suggested that there is a potential predisposition to keratoconus (42).
Research has also indicated that approximately 13.3% of immediate family …
keratoconus suggested that there is a potential predisposition to keratoconus (42).
Research has also indicated that approximately 13.3% of immediate family …
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[HTML] A rare co-occurrence of keratoconus and tuberous sclerosis complex in a young female: A case report and literature review
SC Sugali, SK Kodavoor, R Dandapani - Indian Journal of Ophthalmology-Case …, 2025
… keratoconus is extremely uncommon. An 18-year-old female presented with
uncorrected visual acuity of counting fingers at 4 meters. Examination revealed high
myopia with corneal signs of keratoconus, … The rare coexistence of keratoconus …
uncorrected visual acuity of counting fingers at 4 meters. Examination revealed high
myopia with corneal signs of keratoconus, … The rare coexistence of keratoconus …
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Nitrosative Stress, Mitochondrial Peptides, and Ferroptosis Markers in Corneal Epithelial Cells from Keratoconus Patients
C Demirkiran, A Mete, AT Demiryürek, A Saracaloglu… - Current Eye Research, 2025
… The Amsler–Krumeich classification is one of the extensively utilized systems for
identification of keratoconus and evaluation of disease progression, and we have
used this classification in clinical examination of keratoconus. This severity staging …
identification of keratoconus and evaluation of disease progression, and we have
used this classification in clinical examination of keratoconus. This severity staging …
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[PDF] PREDICTING EARLY STAGE KERATOCONUS USING TREE-BASED ENSEMBLE MODELS
P CHERNOV
Early Stage Keratoconus (ESKC) am eye that is challenging to diagnose as its
symptoms are evident using simple eye test. This creates the problem of late
diagnosis and means that patients receive treatment when the disease progresses …
symptoms are evident using simple eye test. This creates the problem of late
diagnosis and means that patients receive treatment when the disease progresses …
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[HTML] Evaluating Changes in Pro-and Anti-Inflammatory Mediators in Keratoconus Following Corneal Collagen Cross-linking: A Systematic Review: Pro-and Anti …
RS Huang, A Mihalache, MM Popovic, CC Chan - AJO International, 2025
Purpose To investigate the changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators
following corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in patients with keratoconus (KC).
Design Systematic review. Methods A comprehensive literature search was …
following corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in patients with keratoconus (KC).
Design Systematic review. Methods A comprehensive literature search was …
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Experimental Use of Ozone in Cross-Linking: Transforming Keratoconus Management
AS Dogan, C Gurdal, S Caliskan, E Onder, A Isgoren… - Current Eye Research, 2025
Purpose Keratoconus is a progressive corneal disorder characterized by thinning of
the stromal layer. Corneal cross-linking (CXL), a widely used treatment, focuses on
improving corneal strength by enhancing collagen cross-links. Alternative methods …
the stromal layer. Corneal cross-linking (CXL), a widely used treatment, focuses on
improving corneal strength by enhancing collagen cross-links. Alternative methods …
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[PDF] Keratoconus–Impact on Mental Health and Quality of Life Before and After Specific Therapeutic Interventions: A Review
A Manasar, A Matuszek, E Siedy-Florek, K Szlachetka…
… This review aims to present an impact of keratoconus on mental health and
quality of life before and after specific therapeutic interventions.… patients with
keratoconus and treatment methods for keratoconus were used, and the most …
quality of life before and after specific therapeutic interventions.… patients with
keratoconus and treatment methods for keratoconus were used, and the most …
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[PDF] Clinician-Assisted Exploratory Data Analysis Framework for Early Keratoconus Detection
ZJ Muhsin, R Qahwaji, I Ghafir, M AlShawabkeh…
Advances in corneal imaging have generated vast datasets, making it challenging to
extract clinically relevant insights. Machine Learning (ML) provides ophthalmologists
with essential tools for keratoconus (KC) detection and clinical decision-making …
extract clinically relevant insights. Machine Learning (ML) provides ophthalmologists
with essential tools for keratoconus (KC) detection and clinical decision-making …
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[PDF] Update of Keratoconus Correct Microsurgical Resolution: Mini Selective ARK J Sur & Surgic Proce., 3 (4): 1-4
M Lombardi - Center of Ophthalmologic Regenerative Medicine, Italy, 2025
… Using these simple instrumentation and Principle it is possible to apply to the
Keratoconus affected corneas the same and obtain (if correctly applied and using a good
experience in corneal Diamond incisional microsurgery) the Result that the modified …
Keratoconus affected corneas the same and obtain (if correctly applied and using a good
experience in corneal Diamond incisional microsurgery) the Result that the modified …
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[PDF] KERATOCONUS MANAGEMENT WITH CORNEAL COLLAGEN CROSSLINKING (Epi-on): A CASE REPORT
I Ismaili, S Gazepov - KNOWLEDGE-International Journal, 2025
… The prevalence of keratoconus is estimated at approximately 1 in 2000 individuals,
with a male … On the slit-lamp examination, keratoconus presents with a range of
characteristic findings depending … The aim of this study is to present a case of …
with a male … On the slit-lamp examination, keratoconus presents with a range of
characteristic findings depending … The aim of this study is to present a case of …
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Variants and Perturbed Pathways Associated with Keratoconus and a Novel Stromal Corneal Dystrophy
FL Braddock - 2025
Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal ectasia typically presenting in early
adulthood, with a prevalence of 1.2-3.3%. It is a complex condition and both
environmental and genetic factors contribute to KC risk. Family history is a major risk …
adulthood, with a prevalence of 1.2-3.3%. It is a complex condition and both
environmental and genetic factors contribute to KC risk. Family history is a major risk …
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An efficient technique for keratoconus disease prediction by utilizing extensive feature extraction and AI method
A Vijjapu, VSSV Alluri, K Kalyani, DV Kumar… - Information Sciences, 2025
… The effective management of Keratoconus, an advanced eye condition
characterized by a … predicts and classifies them into normal, Keratoconus, and
suspect Keratoconus. The CSA-FS-… reliable way to diagnose keratoconus …
characterized by a … predicts and classifies them into normal, Keratoconus, and
suspect Keratoconus. The CSA-FS-… reliable way to diagnose keratoconus …
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[HTML] Keratoconus diagnosis based on macro-micro corneal characteristics via optical coherence tomography
C Chen, F Zhang, Y Tang, H Cao, L Chen, S Qian… - Biomedical Optics Express, 2025
… new insight for keratoconus, we developed … keratoconus potential index (KPI)
as a quantitative measure for diagnosing keratoconus and mapping disease risks of
104 participants, which showed excellent diagnostic power (with an area under the …
as a quantitative measure for diagnosing keratoconus and mapping disease risks of
104 participants, which showed excellent diagnostic power (with an area under the …
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[HTML] A rare case of Blepharophimosis-Ptosis-Epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) associated with keratoconus: a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and …
A Al Khathami, AH Al Ghamdi - BMC Ophthalmology, 2025
… keratoconus, a progressive corneal ectasia characterized by thinning, steepening,
and irregular astigmatism, has not been previously reported in the literature [5].
Keratoconus … Here, we report the first known case of BPES associated with …
and irregular astigmatism, has not been previously reported in the literature [5].
Keratoconus … Here, we report the first known case of BPES associated with …
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Long-term Results of Corneal Cross-linking for Recurrence of Keratoconus After Keratoplasty
E Bonacci, A Fasolo, MC Ventura, V Romano… - Journal of Refractive …, 2025
Purpose: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of accelerated corneal cross-linking (A-CXL)
in halting the progression of recurrence of keratoconus in the graft. Methods: This
was a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent A-CXL for recurrence of …
in halting the progression of recurrence of keratoconus in the graft. Methods: This
was a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent A-CXL for recurrence of …
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[PDF] Repeatability of the ABC Parameters of the ABCD Keratoconus Grading System With Varying Zonal Averaging Diameters as Evaluated on Dual Scheimpflug/Placido …
KE Asfar, P Ibrahim, JF Assaf, CJ Roberts, A Salloum… - Journal of Refractive …, 2025
… Given the lack of a previous study of the ABC parameters' repeatability in eyes
with keratoconus using the Galilei or the MS-39, we aimed to achieve a 15%
confidence estimate and therefore at least 43 independent sample eyes would be …
with keratoconus using the Galilei or the MS-39, we aimed to achieve a 15%
confidence estimate and therefore at least 43 independent sample eyes would be …
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Repeatability of the Pentacam HR and IOLMaster 700 in Patients With Keratoconus and Intracorneal Ring Segments
E Fernández López, E Arias-García, C Martínez-Gil… - Journal of Refractive …, 2025
… To explore the effect of keratoconus severity on measurement repeatability, we
initially considered classifying keratoconus severity according to the Amsler-Krumeich
grading system. However, this was not feasible in our dataset due to the highly …
initially considered classifying keratoconus severity according to the Amsler-Krumeich
grading system. However, this was not feasible in our dataset due to the highly …
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[PDF] Evidence of the Influence of Intra-stromal Ring Implant on Slowing the Progression of Keratoconus
DF Mota, FBD da Silva, ND Daher - Ophthalmology, 2025
… Keratoconus is a progressive ectatic corneal disease that usually begins in the
second decade of life and is characterized by … keratoconus should be aimed not
only at visual rehabilitation, but also at stopping or slowing down its progression. In …
second decade of life and is characterized by … keratoconus should be aimed not
only at visual rehabilitation, but also at stopping or slowing down its progression. In …
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[HTML] Halo sign in keratoconus: a case report
H He, L Qu - BMC ophthalmology, 2025
… There are several clinical signs that may contribute to the diagnosis of
keratoconus. Their appearance is associated with the evolution of keratoconus. In
this case, the formation of a halo on the iris in a patient with stage IV keratoconus …
keratoconus. Their appearance is associated with the evolution of keratoconus. In
this case, the formation of a halo on the iris in a patient with stage IV keratoconus …
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Prevalence and Corneal Morphometry of Pediatric Keratoconus: A Two-Year Cross-Sectional Study in Ukraine
T Viktoriya - London Journal of Medical and Health Research, 2025
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and corneal morphometric characteristics
of pediatric keratoconus in children aged 6� 16 years in Ukraine, using data
collected over a two-year period. Participants were stratified by age group (6� 10 …
of pediatric keratoconus in children aged 6� 16 years in Ukraine, using data
collected over a two-year period. Participants were stratified by age group (6� 10 …
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The effect of altitude on the incidence of keratoconus in Israel–a population-based study
O Ben-Shaul, A Segal, M Hyams, N Stein… - Eye, 2025
… Keratoconus patients were identified using ICD-9 codes. Annual keratoconus
incidence was calculated for three residential altitude groups: below 0 m, 0–500 m,
and above 500 m. To address ethnic confounding, keratoconus prevalence rates in …
incidence was calculated for three residential altitude groups: below 0 m, 0–500 m,
and above 500 m. To address ethnic confounding, keratoconus prevalence rates in …
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[HTML] Early treatment of allergic conjunctivitis in preventing keratoconus
NJY Tay, JY Yap, YW Lim - Australian journal of general practice, 2025
A man, aged 24 years, with a history of allergic rhinitis presented with a two-day
history of sudden onset right eye redness, pain and blurred vision. Upon further
enquiry, he revealed that since his teenage years, he had experienced intermittent …
history of sudden onset right eye redness, pain and blurred vision. Upon further
enquiry, he revealed that since his teenage years, he had experienced intermittent …
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[PDF] Theranostic-guided Corneal Phototherapy for Precise and Predictive Treatment of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Disorders: A Case Series
M Lombardo, S Serrao, M Fruschelli, G Lombardo - … Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal …, 2025
… for keratoconus and corneal ectasia. Materials and methods: The clinical
outcomes of three representative patients affected by keratoconus … Results:
Patients underwent theranostic-guided transepithelial corneal phototherapy for …
outcomes of three representative patients affected by keratoconus … Results:
Patients underwent theranostic-guided transepithelial corneal phototherapy for …
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[PDF] Awareness of Keratoconus Among the Diagnosed Cases of Keratoconus in Patients Visiting Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital: Awareness of Keratoconus in Patients
T Ahmed, F Akhtar, MA Moqeet, HG Shah, SF Bukhari… - Pakistan Journal of Health …, 2025
… % participants with advanced keratoconus gave a history of eye rubbing due to a
lack of awareness [13]. A Study regarding the association of keratoconus with other …
This study aims to determine the level of awareness of keratoconus among …
lack of awareness [13]. A Study regarding the association of keratoconus with other …
This study aims to determine the level of awareness of keratoconus among …
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Long-term effects of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in patients with keratoconus
J Lelas, S Ramić, D Šarić, B Kuzmanović Elabjer… - . 20. Kongres Hrvatskog …
Aim: To evaluate the long-term effects of corneal cross- linking in patients with
progressive keratoconus Patients and methods: 38 eyes of 38 patients with
progressive keratoconus were treated with CXL and were included in the study …
progressive keratoconus Patients and methods: 38 eyes of 38 patients with
progressive keratoconus were treated with CXL and were included in the study …
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Keratoconus progression during pregnancy after corneal cross-linking
S Ramić, I Pavlović, T Topalović, D Šarić… - 23. kongres Hrvatskog …
Aim: To report a case series of six patients who had a pregnancy during follow-up
after corneal cross-linking. Patients and methods: Retrospective chart review. We
included 6 female patients (12 eyes), with an average age of 30.45+/-2.24 years …
after corneal cross-linking. Patients and methods: Retrospective chart review. We
included 6 female patients (12 eyes), with an average age of 30.45+/-2.24 years …
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Scheimpflug Tomography Changes In Patients With Keratoconus After Collagen Cross-Linking–One-Year Follow-Up
I Ćubela, D Miletić, S Ramić, I Pavlović, D Šarić… - 43rd Congress of the European …
Purpose: To evaluate Scheimpflug tomography changes in patients with
keratoconus before and one year after collagen cross-linking (CXL). Setting: A
retrospective study was conducted on 46 patients of both genders who underwent …
keratoconus before and one year after collagen cross-linking (CXL). Setting: A
retrospective study was conducted on 46 patients of both genders who underwent …
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Long-Term Outcomes of Corneal Cross-Linking in Patients with Keratoconus
S Ramić, I Pavlović, I Ćubela, D Šarić… - … I OPTOMETRIJSKOG DRUŠTVA
Objective: To analyze the effects of corneal cross-linking in patients with a minimum
follow-up of 5 years after the procedure. Patients and Methods: This retrospective
study included 22 patients (mean age 33.52±5.23 years; 11 women; 40 eyes; 19 …
follow-up of 5 years after the procedure. Patients and Methods: This retrospective
study included 22 patients (mean age 33.52±5.23 years; 11 women; 40 eyes; 19 …
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ABCD grading system in patients with keratoconus after collagen cross-linking–one-year follow-up
I Ćubela, D Miletić, S Ramić, I Pavlović, D Šarić… - … I OPTOMETRIJSKOG DRUŠTVA
Aim: To evaluate ABCD grading system changes in patients with keratoconus before
and oneyear after collagen cross-linking (CXL). Patients and methods: A
retrospective study was conducted on 45 patients of both genders who underwent …
and oneyear after collagen cross-linking (CXL). Patients and methods: A
retrospective study was conducted on 45 patients of both genders who underwent …
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Re:'validity of keratoconus screening tests'
N Erdinest, N Aharoni - Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 2025
… "Validity of keratoconus screening tests" was read with great interest. 1 This work
underscores the imperative for enhanced keratoconus … acuity, refractive error, and
astigmatism can facilitate early detection of keratoconus. However, the authors aptly …
underscores the imperative for enhanced keratoconus … acuity, refractive error, and
astigmatism can facilitate early detection of keratoconus. However, the authors aptly …
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Ocular Comorbidities in Psoriasis: A Retrospective Study on Dry Eye Syndrome, Keratoconus, and Cataract Development
SY Iritaş, İ Iritaş - The Journal of Dermatology, 2025
… of keratoconus in female patients with psoriasis (p = 0.0159). These findings
suggest that psoriasis may be associated with an increased likelihood of specific
ocular conditions, particularly keratoconus and DES. The sex‐related disparity …
suggest that psoriasis may be associated with an increased likelihood of specific
ocular conditions, particularly keratoconus and DES. The sex‐related disparity …
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[PDF] Stromal Curvature, Power and Corneal‐Stromal Curvature Ratios From a Hybrid AS‐OCT in Eyes With Keratoconus
JA Wendelstein, A Ostermaier, K Freller, A Grendele… - Clinical & Experimental …, 2025
… Background: To characterise stromal curvature and curvature ratios in
keratoconus (KCN) using … Conclusion: In advanced keratoconus, three- surface
modelling yields different corneal power … of keratoconus and refine our …
keratoconus (KCN) using … Conclusion: In advanced keratoconus, three- surface
modelling yields different corneal power … of keratoconus and refine our …
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Metaheuristic-optimized swin transformer with SHAP explainability for keratoconus classification from corneal topography maps
SMS Sujitha, S Subiramoniyan, J Mahil, T Jarin - International Ophthalmology, 2025
Keratoconus (KCN) is an uncommon corneal disorder where the central cornea
undergoes advanced thinning and causes non-uniform astigmatism. This results in
metamorphopsia and potential vision loss if it is left untreated. Early detection of …
undergoes advanced thinning and causes non-uniform astigmatism. This results in
metamorphopsia and potential vision loss if it is left untreated. Early detection of …
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Study on the role of sex hormones and prolactin induced proteins in keratoconus
Z CHEN, W ZHANG, L GAO, N ZHANG, J LI - International Eye Science, 2025
Keratoconus (KC) is a blinding eye disease caused by a variety of factors, with its
pathogenesis still not well understood. In recent years, it has been discovered that
sex hormones and prolactin-induced protein (PIP) have a profound impact on the …
pathogenesis still not well understood. In recent years, it has been discovered that
sex hormones and prolactin-induced protein (PIP) have a profound impact on the …
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[HTML] Comprehensive evaluation of oculus pentacam in subclinical keratoconus and clinical keratoconus patients at different stages
N Razak, BM Ali, WHWA Halim - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology
… Pentacam parameters to distinguish subclinical keratoconus (SCKC) and clinical
keratoconus (CKC) at different stages in normal eyes. … Pairwise comparison of
corneal topography and tomography in subclinical keratoconus, different stages of …
keratoconus (CKC) at different stages in normal eyes. … Pairwise comparison of
corneal topography and tomography in subclinical keratoconus, different stages of …
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[HTML] Macular safety and outcomes of accelerated cross-linking with a 7.2 J/cm² energy dose in keratoconus: A prospective case series
M Subasi, A Özdemir, V Yeter, E Can - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the macular safety and clinical
outcomes of an accelerated Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) protocol using 12
mW/cm² ultraviolet-A (UV-A) irradiation for 10 min (total energy dose: 7.2 J/cm²) with …
outcomes of an accelerated Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) protocol using 12
mW/cm² ultraviolet-A (UV-A) irradiation for 10 min (total energy dose: 7.2 J/cm²) with …
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[HTML] Genetics of Keratoconus: A Comprehensive Review
RH Barcelo-Canton, DSJ Ting, JS Mehta - Genes, 2025
Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive, multifactorial corneal ectatic disorder
characterized by localized stromal thinning and irregular astigmatism, with incidence
and prevalence varying markedly among populations. These differences are …
characterized by localized stromal thinning and irregular astigmatism, with incidence
and prevalence varying markedly among populations. These differences are …
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Effectiveness and safety of cross-linking in keratoconus patients with corneal thickness< 400μm: A systematic review and meta-analysis
F Mohammadi, MB McGuinness, MZ Mustafa… - American Journal of …, 2025
Topic In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the
effectiveness and safety of corneal cross-linking (CXL) in patients with keratoconus
and thin corneas (corneal thickness <400μm). Clinical relevance Guidelines for the …
effectiveness and safety of corneal cross-linking (CXL) in patients with keratoconus
and thin corneas (corneal thickness <400μm). Clinical relevance Guidelines for the …
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Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals LGALS9+ epithelial and COMP+ stromal cell crosstalk driving keratoconus pathogenesis
T Han, Y Yu, Y Wang, X Peng, Z Chen, Q Lin, X Zhou - International Journal of …, 2025
Objectives Keratoconus is an ophthalmic disease that seriously endangers patients'
vision and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the cellular landscape of
keratoconus and uncover key pathological cell populations and signaling pathways …
vision and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the cellular landscape of
keratoconus and uncover key pathological cell populations and signaling pathways …
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Corneal Cross-Linking in Keratoconus: A Scoping Review of Clinical Evidence and Public Health Implications
R Ojeda-Salamanca, B Villagra, NF Vargas… - 2025
… Keratoconus is a progressive corneal disease of high clinical and social relevance,
where early detection and timely treatment are essential to preserve vision and
avoid major surgical interventions (1). Traditionally, therapeutic management of …
where early detection and timely treatment are essential to preserve vision and
avoid major surgical interventions (1). Traditionally, therapeutic management of …
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[PDF] Vision Transformer Embedded Feature Fusion Model with Pre-Trained Transformers for Keratoconus Disease Classification
MF Ishrak, MM Rahman, MIK Joy, A Tamuly, S Akter… - 2025
Keratoconus is a progressive eye disorder that, if undetected, can lead to severe
visual impairment or blindness, necessitating early and accurate diagnosis. The
primary objective of this research is to develop a feature fusion hybrid deep learning …
visual impairment or blindness, necessitating early and accurate diagnosis. The
primary objective of this research is to develop a feature fusion hybrid deep learning …
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Correlation of Tear Cortisol Levels with Morphological and Biomechanical Parameters of Keratoconus
X Zhao, T Sun, Y Yuan, Y Zhang, Y Chen - Frontiers in Medicine
Introduction: Keratoconus (KC) is a vision-threatening corneal disorder
predominantly affecting young males, significantly impairing their quality of life. We
aim to evaluate tear cortisol levels in KC and compare with controls, and to …
predominantly affecting young males, significantly impairing their quality of life. We
aim to evaluate tear cortisol levels in KC and compare with controls, and to …
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[HTML] The microenvironment of ocular surface in keratoconus: a systematic review
S Niazi, F Doroodgar, S Pflugfelder, K Bayat… - Eye and Vision, 2025
… and progression of keratoconus. This comprehensive review aims to investigate
the complex relationship between keratoconus and ocular surface diseases by
examining the microenvironmental changes that occur on the ocular surface …
the complex relationship between keratoconus and ocular surface diseases by
examining the microenvironmental changes that occur on the ocular surface …
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[PDF] Economics of corneal cross-linking for keratoconus treatment
CJ Rapuano, RL Lindstrom, E Donnenfeld, JP Berdahl… - Journal of Medical …, 2025
… The simulation of keratoconus progression, which is a key driver of model
outcomes, was … We simulated 4,000 eyes of 2,000 patients diagnosed with
keratoconus to compare the … Keratoconus is an eye condition that affects the …
outcomes, was … We simulated 4,000 eyes of 2,000 patients diagnosed with
keratoconus to compare the … Keratoconus is an eye condition that affects the …
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[HTML] Persistent Proinflammatory Cytokine Profile in the Tear Fluid of Stable Keratoconus: Rethinking Clinical Quiescence
P Gil, JQ Gil, N Cruz, C Costa, P Rodrigues-Santos… - Translational Vision Science …, 2025
… This study evaluates whether patients with stable keratoconus exhibit persistent
inflammatory activity in tear fluid compared to healthy … stable keratoconus is
associated with a distinct proinflammatory tear fluid cytokine profile, challenging the …
inflammatory activity in tear fluid compared to healthy … stable keratoconus is
associated with a distinct proinflammatory tear fluid cytokine profile, challenging the …
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